新概念英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)（美音版）Lesson 67 The weekend

[詞匯]
greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果零售商
absent adj. 缺席的
Monday n. 星期一
Tuesday n. 星期二
Wednesday n. 星期三
Thursday n. 星期四
keep v. （身體健康）處于（狀況）
spend v. 度過(guò)
weekend n. 周末
Friday n. 星期五
Saturday n. 星期六
Sunday n. 星期日
country n. 鄉(xiāng)村
lucky adj. 幸運(yùn)的
butcher 賣肉的
at the butcher's 在肉店里
at the greengrocer's
dentist 牙醫(yī)
at the dentist's 在牙醫(yī)的診所

hairdresser
at the hairdresser's

my mother
at my mother's Home
at my mother's

I am going to stay at my mother's this Friday.
this weekend 這個(gè)周末
They are going to stay at her mother's this weekend.

be absent
be absent from school 缺課
be absent from work 曠工

study
school
student
[k] [d] [g] [b]
與S搭配發(fā)音要“濁化”



in the country
luck
good luck


一般過(guò)去時(shí)
1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
一表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的事情
二表示一個(gè)階段正在進(jìn)行，但說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行
三表示將來(lái)要做的事情
be + v+ing
be + not + v+ing
now
2 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)
表示經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)的動(dòng)作
代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)
結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞
主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形
主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) +v+s(es)
don’t; do
doesn’t; does
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間
頻率副詞：often, always, sometimes, never, usually
用在be動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前
否定句中用在助動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞之間

一般過(guò)去時(shí)
一表示過(guò)去某個(gè)點(diǎn)上特定的時(shí)間存在的狀態(tài)，事實(shí)，或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
二表示在過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或反復(fù)的習(xí)慣。
was, were
wasn't, weren't
two years ago 兩年以前
three days ago 三天以前
five years ago 五年以前
two minutes ago
four weeks ago
last year
last month
last Sunday
I was a student two years ago.
I wasn't a student two years ago.
Were you a student two years ago?
yesterday
I was at the butcher's yesterday.
Mrs. Williams
Mrs. Williams was at the greengrocer's three days ago.
just now 剛才
Were you at the butcher's just now?
Were you at the greengrocer's just now?
absent
be absent from school
be absent from work
Jimmy was absent from school last week.
They were absent from work last week.
He was absent from school on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday.
v 動(dòng)作的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)
go -> went
I went there yesterday.
did, didn't
I didn't go there yesterday.
Did you go there yesterday? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.
What do you do every day?
What do they do every day?
What does she do every day?
What did you do yesterday?
動(dòng)作的過(guò)去式變化
規(guī)則變化
ask, jump, wait
1 一般的動(dòng)詞后面直接加-ed
清輔音后面加ed，讀[t]
濁輔音或元音后面加ed，讀[d]
asked [B:skt]
jumped [dVQmpt]
cleaned [kli:nd]
lied [laid]
waited [5weitid]
2 單詞末尾是e的直接加d
believe, argue, waste
believed, argued, wasted
3 單詞是以短元音加一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾，這個(gè)輔音要雙寫(xiě)加ed
C, e, a, i
chat, stop, beg, fit
chatted
stopped
begged
fitted
4 如果是輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，要把y變i加ed
study, empty, cry
studied
emptied
cried
play -> played
enjoy -> enjoyed
empty -> empties -> emptied -> emptying
I empty the basket every morning.
My mother empties the basket every morning.
My father emptied the basket yesterday morning.
They are emptying the basked.
I am going to empty the basket.
I didn't empty the basket yesterday.
Did you empty the basket yesterday?
What did you do yesterday?
What did she do yesterday?
What did your mother do yesterday?

keep -> kept
How are you all keeping?
keep up with sb. 趕上某人
keep on doing sth. 繼續(xù)保持做某事
keep sb./sth. under one's hat = keep secret 保守秘密

study
study hard
want to do sth.
I am studying hard.
I want to keep up with you.

try 嘗試
keep on trying

cost [物做主語(yǔ)，表示物的售價(jià)]
pay [人做主語(yǔ)，人為某物付錢(qián)]
afford 支付得起，騰出時(shí)間
take [花時(shí)間]
expend [數(shù)額較大，比較正式的用法]
It cost me …
pay for
I can't afford it.
I can afford one day for you.
spend
spend three days
holiday 假期
Spend my holiday
in the country
I am going to spend three days in the country.
spend the weekend
They are going to spend their weekend in Hong Kong.

spend … on
spend (in) doing sth.
I spend some time reading the book.
Women always spend a lot of money on clothes.
I have spent a lot of money on my child.
I spent ten minutes in listening to Mr.Zhang's explanation.
spend some time on sth.
spend some time in doing sth.

luck
lucky
unlucky 不幸運(yùn)的
good luck

at the greengrocer's
be absent from school
How are you all keeping?
spend some time
in the country
We are very lucky.

Mrs. Johnson was at the butcher's yesterday.
Mrs. William was at the greengrocer's.
They were at the school yesterday.
Jimmy was absent from school yesterday.
They were absent from work on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday.
How are you all keeping?
We are going to spend three days in the country.
You are very lucky.
You aren't very lucky.
Aren't you lucky?