新概念英語第四冊（美音版）Matterhorn man

所屬教程:新概念英語第四冊（美音版）

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[00:00.41]Lesson 3 [00:02.10]Matterhorn man [00:09.82]What was the main objective of early mountain climbers? [00:15.30]Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, [00:21.93]and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. [00:27.38]In the pioneering days however, this was not the case at all. [00:33.65]The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, [00:41.88]especially if it had never been attained before. [00:46.25]It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, [00:55.54]equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, [01:01.19]but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. [01:05.87]They had a single aim, a solitary goal -- the top! [01:12.55]It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. [01:19.21]Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular. [01:27.74]Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. [01:36.40]Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; [01:41.98]the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, [01:47.86]all washed down with coarse wine. [01:51.85]Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- [01:58.38]sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), [02:04.89]sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. [02:08.72]Invariably the background was the same:dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. [02:17.08]For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, [02:24.66]the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.

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Lesson 3
Matterhorn man
馬特霍恩山區(qū)人
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What was the main objective of early mountain climbers?
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it and never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal -- the top!
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed.
WALTER UNSWORTH Matterhorn Man

New words and expressions 生詞和短語
Matterhorn
n. 馬特霍恩峰（阿爾卑斯山之一，在意大利和瑞士邊境）
alpinist
n. 登山運(yùn)動員
pioneer
v. 開辟，倡導(dǎo)；
n. 先鋒，開辟者
summit
n. 頂峰
attain
v. 到達(dá)
perilous
adj. 危險的
shudder
v. 不寒而栗
court
v. 追求
solitary
adj. 唯一的
impoverish
v. 使貧困
Alpine
adj. 阿爾卑斯山的
flea-ridden
adj. 布滿跳蚤的
coarse
adj. 粗劣的
boast
v. 自恃有
parishioner
n. 教區(qū)居民
shepherd
n. 牧羊人
linen
n. 亞麻布床單
the Alps
n. 阿爾卑斯山脈

現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動員總想找一條能夠給他們帶來運(yùn)動樂趣的路線來攀登山峰。他們認(rèn)為，道路愈艱險愈帶勁兒。然而，在登山運(yùn)動的初期，全然不是這種情況。早期登山者所尋找的是通往山頂?shù)淖罘奖愕耐緩?，因?yàn)轫敺逄貏e是前人未曾到過的頂峰 -- 才是他們尋求的目標(biāo)。確實(shí)，在探險中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動魄的困難和危險，而他們裝備之簡陋足以使現(xiàn)代登山者一想起來就膽戰(zhàn)心驚。但是，他們并非故意尋求這種刺激，他們只有一個目標(biāo)，唯一的目標(biāo) -- 頂峰！我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個很快出了名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。那里的小客棧一般都很骯臟，而且跳蚤猖獗。食物是當(dāng)?shù)氐母衫液屯ǔ４娣帕艘荒曛玫拿姘?，人們就著劣酒吞下這種食物。山谷里常常沒有小客棧，登山者只好隨遇而安。有時同當(dāng)?shù)啬翈?（他通常和他的教民一樣窮）住在一起，有時同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。無論住在哪兒，情況都一樣：骯臟、貧窮，極其不舒適。對于過慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來說，變換一下生活環(huán)境來到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。

1、 alpinist(1.1)/'$lpinist/n．登山運(yùn)動員
詞根：alp-
climber mountaineer
Alps(1.16)/$lps/ n．阿爾卑斯山脈 Alpine(1.9)/$lpain/adj．阿爾卑斯山的
2、 attain(1.4)/+'tein/ v．到達(dá)
to get to
to arrive at/in
to attain one’s goal=realize
attain youth 永葆青春
to attain the top/peak/summit 達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)
attainment (n) attainments 成就 accomplishment
3、perilous(1.5)/'peril+s/adj．危險的 peril
（隨時可能出現(xiàn)的）危險
avalanche 雪崩
4、shudder (1.5)/'M)d+/ v．不寒而栗
shudder:quick and sudden
tremble:long and very obvious
5、 go out of one’s way
專門 by the way 順路 too much for me 受不起
6、 court （multiple meanings 多義詞）
朝廷朝臣 courtier
courteous 彬彬有禮的
法庭
娛樂場足球場 soccer/football court 高爾夫球場 golf court
追求
招致驕兵必敗 pride courts failure
sol-獨(dú)
solo 獨(dú)唱
獨(dú)奏
7、 solitary(1.6)/'s&lrt+ri/adj．唯一的
solitude 孤獨(dú)
I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life.
8、 pioneer(1.2)/?pai+'n+/ v．開辟，倡導(dǎo)；n．先鋒，開辟者
9、 impoverish(11.9-10)/$m'p&v+rM/v．使貧困
poor（口語詞）
complete
羅素名言：A great many man will cheerfully face inpoverishment if they can secure
ruin for their rival,hence present level of taxation.
許多人會高興的面對貧困，如果他們能使對手落魄，因此出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在的稅收水平。
10、coarse(1.12)/k&:s/adj．粗劣的
coarse throat 嗓子啞
sore throat
coarse fare
嗓子發(fā)炎
粗糧
refined fair 細(xì)糧
coarse and refined
in a coarse manner 粗暴無禮
用法：以人作主語，夸耀；以物作主語，擁有
11、boast(1.12)/b+ust/v．自恃有
He boasted that of his knowledge.
The center boasts a team of high qualify(qualified researchers.)
12、parishioner(1.13)/p+riM+n+/n．教區(qū)居民
13、shepherd(1.14)/'Mep+d/n．牧羊人
14、linen(1.15)/'linin/n．亞麻布床單
parish 教區(qū)
羊 herd
獸群
sheep shep

1、Route 路線 Road道路
2、good sports :stimulus 刺激thrilling 震撼、興奮
3、regardregard sb with sth(感情詞 love \hatred\horror\respect)
Dad, I regard you with horror.爸爸，我很害怕你。
4、pineering days, ancient (先人時期)
5、not at all 根本不 case 這回事
6、be doing 表達(dá)當(dāng)時的行動（狀態(tài)）
7、top:頂點(diǎn) summit 山頂peak 山頂
The scenery is at the peak of the mountain.無限風(fēng)光在險峰。
I am at the top of the world.我在世界之巔。Summit meeting 峰會
8、 attain 到達(dá) conquer 征服
9、be of the most perilous naturenature 特點(diǎn)、特性
the most perilous difficulties and dangers
學(xué)會 be of the + adj+noun 結(jié)構(gòu) He is the kindest man. =He is the man of the kindest man.
10、equipped 表示當(dāng)時的一種伴隨。
11、in a manner 以這樣的方式
12、make sb do sth (省 to 結(jié)構(gòu))
13、at the thought 一想到，mention 一提到,idea 一想到
這個結(jié)構(gòu)后面加介詞 of 原文即 at the thought of their poor equipment
14、go out of one’s way 刻意intentionally eye catching 引人注目的
15、the real living conditions 真實(shí)生存狀況
16、nowadays 插入語，現(xiàn)在回想起來，可在句首、句末
17、except for 把其中的一部分扣除
18、tend to be 傾向于
19、settlement 生存地、駐扎地
20、cut off=which are cut off
21、flea ridden 跳蚤
22、as they were 可以這么說，插入語還有 as it were
This book is , as it were, his life portrait.這本書，可是說，是他的人生寫照。
23、local 當(dāng)?shù)氐?br /> 24、wine 低度酒 alcohol 酒精 alcoholic 酒鬼
25、boast 擁有 priest 牧師shepherd 牧羊人 invariably=all the same
26、dirt and poverty， and very uncomfortable （結(jié)構(gòu)不符合習(xí)慣，不可學(xué)）
27、course 一道菜
28、must have been 表推測
29、be accustomed to ,be used to + 名詞、動名詞
I am used to the life in Bejing.I am used to living in Bejing.
30、早餐：scratch a meal 中午餐：snack 快餐晚餐：dinner
31、the change to
Education brings great change to his outlook/view on life.
教育使他的面貌（對生活的看法）產(chǎn)生了很大變化。