零距離美語(yǔ)會(huì)話[文化風(fēng)俗差異]Lesson 3

所屬教程:零距離美語(yǔ)會(huì)話

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Three    Have you wrapped your Christmas presents?
你的圣誕禮物包好了嗎？
1   Introduction
A   Whereas the most important holiday in China is Spring Festival (also known as the Chinese New Year), America’s most popular holiday is Christmas. As Chinese kids get “lucky money” from their parents and relatives, American children get Christmas presents from Santa Claus.
如中國(guó)最重要的節(jié)日是春節(jié)（也叫過(guò)年）一樣，美國(guó)最大眾的節(jié)日就是圣誕節(jié)。中國(guó)小孩是父母和親戚給“壓歲錢”，美國(guó)小孩是從圣誕老人那里得到圣誕禮物。
B   From early November until January, American homes and stores are decorated with Christmas trees and colorful lights. Similarly, Chinese homes are decorated with Spring Festival couplets and streets are full of red lanterns.
從十一月初到一月份，美國(guó)的房屋、商店都布置了圣誕樹(shù)和彩燈。相仿地，中國(guó)的房子也被春聯(lián)裝飾著，街上掛滿了燈籠。
C   Easter was borrowed from the Pagan Festival celebrating the rebirth of the sun. It was adapted by Christianity to be interpreted as the resurrection of Jesus. One American tradition associated with Easter is the Easter egg hunt. Brightly colored eggs are hidden for children to try to find. Sometimes hidden amongst the other eggs is what we call “a lucky egg”. If you find the lucky egg, you win a prize.
復(fù)活節(jié)是借用了異教徒節(jié)慶祝太陽(yáng)的復(fù)活。后被基督教采用詮釋為耶穌的復(fù)活。美國(guó)的復(fù)活節(jié)有一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，那就是尋找復(fù)活節(jié)彩蛋。色彩鮮艷的彩蛋被藏起來(lái)讓小孩子們?nèi)フ?。有時(shí)候被藏在其它蛋中間的那個(gè)就是我們所說(shuō)的“幸運(yùn)蛋”。如果你找到這個(gè)幸運(yùn)蛋，獎(jiǎng)品就是你贏了。
D   Sending cards for special occasions--- such as Christmas, New Year, Mother’s Day, and birthdays – has been an American tradition. But sending cards is less common than before since computers have become so popular.
在特殊的場(chǎng)合寄送卡片——比如圣誕節(jié)，新年，母親節(jié)以及生日——已經(jīng)成了美國(guó)的一種傳統(tǒng)。但是由于電腦受到如此親睞，寄送卡片也沒(méi)有以前那么普遍了。
2   Sample Sentences
1. Christmas is just around the corner.
   圣誕節(jié)就要到了。
2. I can’t wait to see my father.
我只想立即見(jiàn)我的父親。
3. We are expected for Christmas.
我們?cè)谂沃フQ節(jié)的到來(lái)。
4. This year my mother will cook a twenty-five pound turkey.
今年我媽媽會(huì)烹飪一個(gè)二十五磅的火雞。
5. Is everyone still coming to Christmas dinner at your apartment this year?
今年每個(gè)人還是會(huì)來(lái)你家吃圣誕大餐嗎？
6. When will we have the Easter egg hunt?
我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始找復(fù)活節(jié)彩蛋？
7. Who is going to play the Easter Bunny this year?
今年誰(shuí)扮演復(fù)活節(jié)小兔子？
8. Are you coming to the New Year’s Eve party this year?
今年你會(huì)來(lái)參加除夕晚會(huì)嗎？
9. What time is the hanging of the green at church?
教堂什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始為圣誕節(jié)裝飾？
10. Have you put up your Christmas lights in front of the yard yet?
你有沒(méi)有把圣誕彩燈掛在后院門口？
3   Conversations
1. Lo Fen, a Chinese agronomist1, is staying with the Helms family in Iowa. It’s Christmas Eve.
Lo Fen: Your tree looks beautiful. Do you decorate it this way every year?
Mrs. Helms: Yes, it’s a family tradition dating back to2 my childhood. We use the same lights and ornaments3, but of course we have a new tree each year.
(She hands her a delicate glass ball.)
Mrs. Helms: The children made some of these decorations. Here, you can hang this on one of those high branches.
(Lo stands on a ladder to reach the upper limbs.)
Mr. Helms: Well, everything seems to be just about ready. Now all we need is snow.
Lo Fen: Do you exchange the presents in the morning?
Mrs. Helms: Oh, yes. The kids are too excited to wait. After we clean up4 the mess--all the empty boxes and the wrapping paper5 -- we have a big breakfast. Then the kids have the whole day to play with their new toys.
Mr. Helms: And we’ll have a great turkey dinner at around four o’clock. My brother and his family will be joining us.
Lo Fen: I look forward to meeting them. Well, it’s late, so I’ll say good night. I’ll see you early tomorrow, so I can share your Christmas morning.
Mr. Helms: Good night!
【譯文】
——你們的樹(shù)看起來(lái)好漂亮。你們每年都這么布置嗎？
—— 是的。記得從我孩提時(shí)候開(kāi)始這就是家里的傳統(tǒng)了。我們用一樣的燈泡和裝飾品；當(dāng)然，我們每年都用一棵新樹(shù)。（她遞給她一個(gè)精巧的玻璃球。）
—— 這些裝飾中有一部分是孩子們弄的。給，你可以把這個(gè)吊在一根高枝上。（Lo站在梯子上，伸手去夠高一點(diǎn)的大樹(shù)枝。）
——似乎一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒了。現(xiàn)在我們都希望的是下一場(chǎng)雪了。
——你們?cè)谠缟辖粨Q禮物嗎？
——是的。孩子們興奮得迫不及待。我們把雜物打掃完——所有這些空盒子和包裝紙之后，我們就會(huì)吃團(tuán)圓早餐。然后，孩子們會(huì)有一整天的時(shí)間玩他們的新玩具。
——我們會(huì)在四點(diǎn)鐘左右吃火雞。我兄弟和他的家人也會(huì)來(lái)和我們共餐。
——我很希望見(jiàn)到他們。好了，太晚了，我要說(shuō)再見(jiàn)了。明天我會(huì)一大早來(lái)看你們，那樣我就可以和你們分享圣誕早晨了。
——晚安！
2. Christian’s Holiday.
Stewart: Merry Christmas!
Mary: Huh?
Stewart: I said Merry Christmas! Don’t you know that Christmas is almost here?
Mary: It is? Oh, that’s nice.
Stewart: Huh? Didn’t you know? Aren’t you excited?
Mary: Actually, I’d forgotten about it.
Stewart: Forgotten about it? How could you?
Mary: Because I’m not Christian6, I’m Jewish7.
Stewart: Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t know.
Mary: It’s all right. There are so many Christians in America that everybody takes it for granted that I’m Christian.
Stewart: I guess so. So what do you do around this time of year?
Mary: Well, I’ll celebrate Hanukah soon, but that’s not as important to us as Christmas is to you. Mainly I’ll just enjoy the holiday break.
Stewart: Well, would you be horribly offended8 if I invited you to a Christmas party at my house?
Mary: Not at all. A party is a party. I’ll be happy to come.
Helpful Information：
Christmas is an adaptation of the Pagan feast of Yule. Originally celebrated by the Celtics of old Britain. Christianity borrowed the idea and changed it to represent the supposed birthday of Jesus. Few people actually know what the true origin of the holiday is. Most people wrongly assume that Christmas has a complete Christian origin when it actually originated as a Pagan Holiday.
圣誕節(jié)是按照非異教徒猶太人的盛宴改換過(guò)來(lái)的。最初是由古老英國(guó)的凱爾特人慶祝。基督教借用了這個(gè)想法，并把它改為象征耶穌的出生日。很少有人真正知道這個(gè)假日的真正由來(lái)。大部分人錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為圣誕節(jié)完完全全來(lái)自于基督教，而它實(shí)際上卻起源于一個(gè)非異教徒的節(jié)日。
【譯文】
—— 圣誕快樂(lè)！
—— 嗯？
——我說(shuō)圣誕快樂(lè)！難道你不知道圣誕節(jié)快到了嗎？
——是嗎？哦，太好了。
——嗯？你難道不知道？難道你不興奮？
——我真的忘記了。
——忘記了？你怎能忘記了？
——因?yàn)槲也皇腔浇掏剑沂仟q太人。
—— 哦，對(duì)不起，我不知道。
——沒(méi)關(guān)系。美國(guó)有這么多的基督教徒以致人人都認(rèn)為我也是一個(gè)基督教徒。
——我想是這樣。那么每年這個(gè)時(shí)候你都在做什么？
——唔，不久我要慶祝光明節(jié)，但是光明節(jié)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有圣誕節(jié)對(duì)你們那樣重要。我主要是好好享受這段假期。
——唔，如果我邀請(qǐng)你來(lái)我家參加圣誕聚會(huì)，你會(huì)很生氣嗎？
——一點(diǎn)也不。聚會(huì)是聚會(huì)。我會(huì)很高興來(lái)參加。
3. Truth about Santa Claus.
Eddie: So how’s everything going for Christmas?
Jill: I’ve got all the presents I need, and my family is working together to get all the food ready. That’s easy; but I have another problem to deal with.
Eddie: What’s that? Don’t tell me you’ve still got Christmas cards to write; it usually takes my wife a month to write all of ours.
Jill: No, I did that a long time ago. It’s about telling my son the truth about Santa Claus.
Eddie: He still doesn’t know that Santa isn’t real? How old is he, eight?
Jill: Yes. He’s never said anything so I never told him. But now that he’s getting older…
Eddie: You think it’s better that he should be told?
Jill: Yes, he’s too old to believe in that type of things. And I’d rather tell him before the kids at school do.
Eddie: That happened to my oldest girl. She became really upset when her classmates told her Santa wasn’t real.
Jill: I can understand. I was lucky with my oldest; she figured it out by herself and didn’t tell my son.
Eddie: Well, when you tell him, be gentle. It’s hard for kids to find out something like that.
Helpful Information：
When American kids get into their teens, they begin to find out that Santa Claus doesn’t really exist. Some smarter kids even know that before then. They feel it’s nothing but a joke. Of course, some are devastated when they find itout. But most realize that the character “Santa Claus” is really a fictional character presented in a light-hearted way for the enjoyment of children. It doesn’t matter he’s real or not, the legend will remain.
當(dāng)美國(guó)小孩子進(jìn)入十幾歲以后，他們開(kāi)始得知圣誕老人并不是真正地存在。一些聰明一些的小孩甚至在這之前就知道了。他們覺(jué)得這只不過(guò)是個(gè)笑話。當(dāng)然一些人當(dāng)他們知道此事時(shí)很傷心。但是大部分人意識(shí)到圣誕老人這個(gè)人物確實(shí)是虛構(gòu)的角色，一個(gè)以輕松自在的方式給孩子們帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣的角色。他是真與否，都無(wú)關(guān)緊要，傳說(shuō)還是會(huì)流傳下去。
【譯文】
——圣誕節(jié)準(zhǔn)備得怎么樣了？
——要的禮物我都準(zhǔn)備好了，而且我們?nèi)艺谝黄饻?zhǔn)備食物。那很容易，但我還有一個(gè)難題要處理。
——什么事？不要告訴我你還有許多圣誕卡要寫(xiě)；我妻子通常花一個(gè)月的時(shí)間寫(xiě)好我們所有的圣誕卡。
—— 不是，圣誕卡我早就寫(xiě)完了。難題是怎樣告訴我兒子有關(guān)圣誕老人的實(shí)情。
——他還不知道圣誕老人不是真的？他多大，八歲？
——是的，他從未說(shuō)過(guò)什么，因此我也從未告訴過(guò)他。但現(xiàn)在他越來(lái)越大了……
——你認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該知道實(shí)情比較好嗎？
——是的，他太大了，不應(yīng)該相信那種事情。而且我寧愿在學(xué)校的孩子們告訴他以前告訴他。
—— 以前我的大女兒也是這樣。當(dāng)她的同學(xué)告訴她圣誕老人不是真的時(shí)候，她變得很傷心。
—— 我能理解。我幸運(yùn)我的大女兒沒(méi)有這種麻煩，她自己猜出圣誕老人是假的，但沒(méi)有告訴我兒子。
——唔，那你告訴他時(shí)，溫和一點(diǎn)。對(duì)小孩來(lái)說(shuō)，得知那樣的事是很難承受的。
4. Taking down the Christmas tree.
Gary: Ok, honey, time to take down the Christmas tree.
Martha: Do we have to?
Gary: Come on, it’s losing needles all the time and the branches are sagging9.
Martha: It’s not that bad; besides it really looks nice in that corner. It gives the room a good atmosphere10.
Gary: A good atmosphere? The tree is falling apart, and it’s messing up the room.
Martha: But it makes the place feel so much like Christmas. I’d really hate to have to take it down.
Gary: But Christmas was two weeks ago! It’s been there only because we’ve been too busy to get rid of it.
Martha: I know, but it seems like such a shame to have to take it away.
Gary: But it’s falling apart, and the cat keeps playing with the lower branches.
Martha: I know, I know. But it reminds me of the great Christmas we just had. All of us were here -- my parents, your parents, the kids, and the cousins -- the food was good, and everybody got what they wanted.
Gary: Yeah, it was a good Christmas. It won’t always be this good, but we can’t make it last longer than it should.
Martha: Ok, fine. We need to take down the tree.
Gary: I’ll make a deal with11 you. We’ll leave it up until Sunday, and then we’ll take it down after church.
Martha: Ok, good.
Additional Information：
Gifts are placed under the tree from the time the trees are put up until the gifts are opened on Christmas morning. Parents are always excited to see the cheerful faces of their children at the moment they open their gifts. It’s also an American custom to leave the tree up until after the New Year. Some people feel the saddest thing about Christmas is taking down the Christmas tree.
一旦圣誕樹(shù)擺好，禮物就被放在樹(shù)下面直到圣誕節(jié)早上禮物被拆開(kāi)。父母親總是很興奮地看到他們的孩子拆開(kāi)他們的禮物時(shí)歡快的表情。再者，將圣誕樹(shù)一直擺到新年是美國(guó)的習(xí)俗。一些人覺(jué)得關(guān)于圣誕節(jié)最傷心的事是把圣誕樹(shù)拆卸開(kāi)來(lái)。
【譯文】
——行了，親愛(ài)的，該拿走圣誕樹(shù)上的東西了。
——必須拿下嗎？
——快點(diǎn)，它總是往下掉松針，而且樹(shù)枝已下垂。
——沒(méi)那么糟糕；況且放在那個(gè)角落里看上去確實(shí)很好。它使房間有個(gè)好氣氛。
——好氣氛？圣誕樹(shù)都七零八落了，還使房間里亂糟糟的。
——但它使這里感覺(jué)像過(guò)圣誕節(jié)一樣。我實(shí)在不愿拿下它。
——但是圣誕節(jié)已經(jīng)過(guò)去兩個(gè)星期了。它還留在那是因?yàn)槲覀円恢碧?，沒(méi)有時(shí)間清理它。
——我知道，但是拿走它似乎是個(gè)遺憾。
—— 但是它正變得七零八落，貓還總是玩弄下面的樹(shù)枝。
——我知道，我知道。但它使我想起了我們剛剛度過(guò)的快樂(lè)的圣誕節(jié)。所有的人都在――我的父母，你的父母，孩子們和堂兄弟姐妹們――食物很好，并且每個(gè)人都得到了所想要的。
——是的，是一個(gè)愉快的圣誕節(jié)。它不會(huì)總是這樣好，但我們不能使它持續(xù)太長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。
——是，行。我們需要拿走圣誕樹(shù)。
——我向你說(shuō)定了。我們將把它保留至星期天，做完禮拜后再拿下它。
—— 行，好吧。
4 Words and Expressions
1. agronomist 農(nóng)(藝)學(xué)家
2. date back to 屬于,始于某時(shí)期
3. ornament 裝飾品
4. clean up 打掃;整理，清理
5. wrapping paper 包裝紙
6. Christian 基督教的，基督教徒
7. Jewish 猶太人的，猶太教的
8. offend 冒犯;觸怒;傷害...的感情
9. sag 松弛, 下陷, (物價(jià))下跌, 漂流
10. atmosphere 大氣，氣氛
11. make a deal with 與... 做生意, 和...妥協(xié)