中級美國英語過去式動詞
一.本課要點及示例
在這一課里, 我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)過去式動詞.
首先還是依照慣例, 請你聽一段對話, 內(nèi)容是說彼得星期六下午遇見了他的同學(xué)瑪麗, 兩個人談到星期五晚上學(xué)校開舞會的事情. 現(xiàn)在我請兩位英文老師念
這段對話, 請你特別注意英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
M: Where were you this morning?
F: This morning? I was at home, helping my mother.
M: Why weren't you at school? Weren't you on the clean up committee for the dance?
F: No, I wasn't on that committee. I was on the decorating committee.
M: Oh! Well, the decorations were very nice.
F: We worked on them all day Friday. Were you at the dance last night?
M: Yes, I was. I didn't see you there.
F: I was there, but there were a lot of people, and I didn't stay very long.
M: It was a nice dance, wasn't it?
F: Yes, I enjoyed it very much.
現(xiàn)在我再請英文老師把整段對話用慢速度念一遍. 這次請你特別注意對話里的過去式動詞.
M: Where were you this morning?
F: This morning? I was at home, helping my mother.
M: Why weren't you at school? Weren't you on the clean up committee for the dance?
F: No, I wasn't on that committee. I was on the decorating committee.
M: Oh! Well, the decorations were very nice.
F: We worked on them all day Friday. Were you at the dance last night?
M: Yes, I was. I didn't see you there.
F: I was there, but there were a lot of people, and I didn't stay very long.
M: It was a nice dance, wasn't it?
F: Yes, I enjoyed it very much.
在剛才那段對話里有幾種不同的過去式動詞, 現(xiàn)在我挑選出幾個例子, 請英文老師再用慢速度念一遍:
M: Where were you this morning?
F: I was at home.
M: Why weren't you at school?
F: I wasn't on that committee.
F: We worked on them all day Friday.
M: I didn't see you there.
F: I enjoyed it very much.
二.BE的過去式
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí). 首先我們練習(xí)動詞 be, b-e, be 的過去式.下面我舉的例子都是跟剛才那段對話有關(guān)系的. 比方彼得跟瑪麗參加了學(xué)校的舞會, 這個舞會是在學(xué)校體育館舉行的等等. 每個句子我們念兩遍, 請你聽一句, 跟著老師重復(fù)一句.
M: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night.
F: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night.
M: There were a lot of people at the dance.
F: There were a lot of people at the dance.
M: It was a nice dance.
F: It was a nice dance.
M: The dance was in the school gymnasium.
F: The dance was in the school gymnasium.
M: Mary was on the decorating committee.
F: Mary was on the decorating committee.
M: Peter was on the clean up committee.
F: Peter was on the clean up committee.
下面一組練習(xí)是把 was 跟否定式 was not 也就是 wasn't 作個比較. 句子的內(nèi)容還是跟剛才那段對話有關(guān)系. 每個句子我們還是念兩遍, 請你聽一遍, 跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.
M: Mary was at home this morning, but Peter wasn't.
F: Mary was at home this morning, but Peter wasn't.
M: Peter was at school this morning, but Mary wasn't.
F: Peter was at school this morning, but Mary wasn't.
M: Mary was on the decorating committee, but Peter wasn't.
F: Mary was on the decorating committee, but Peter wasn't.
M: Peter was on the clean up committee, but Mary wasn't.
F: Peter was on the clean up committee, but Mary wasn't.
下面一組練習(xí)是比較 were 跟否定式 were not 也就是 weren't. 還是請你聽一遍跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.
M: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night, but Henry and Kate weren't.
F: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night, but Henry and Kate weren't.
M: There were a lot of students at the dance, but there weren't a lot of teachers.
F: There were a lot of students at the dance, but there weren't a lot of teachers.
三.復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)則動詞的過去式
現(xiàn)在我們來復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)則動詞過去式. 下面這組換字練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說學(xué)生舉行舞會的經(jīng)過, 比方他們舞會之前畫海報, 請樂隊, 舞會之后清理會場等等. 老師先念一個句子, 接著老師念一個新詞組, 叫學(xué)生把新詞組代換到原來的句子里. 請你跟學(xué)生一起作練習(xí). 現(xiàn)在我們開始.
M: The students worked very hard for the dance.
M: needed to decorate the gymnasium
F: The students needed to decorate the gymnasium.
M: painted posters for the dance
F: The students painted posters for the dance.
M: hired a band to play music
F: The students hired a band to play music.
M: danced with their partners
F: The students danced with their partners.
M: talked when they danced
F: The students talked when they danced.
M: enjoyed the dance very much
F: The students enjoyed the dance very much.
M: cleaned up the gymnasium after the dance
F: The students cleaned up the gymnasium after the dance.
四.幾個不規(guī)則動詞過去式做用字問答練習(xí)
下面我們練習(xí)幾個不規(guī)則動詞過去式. 首先我們學(xué)習(xí) pay, p-a-y, pay 的過去式paid, p-a-i-d, paid. 現(xiàn)在英文老師用 did 提出一些跟學(xué)生舞會有關(guān)系的過去式問句, 每問一句, 他就給你一個簡短的答覆, 請你根據(jù)他提出的詞組和 paid 來回答問題. 我先給你舉一個例子.
M: Did the students pay some money for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, the students paid some money for the dance.
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí). 每作完一句, 老師會念出正確的答案, 你自己比較
一下, 看作得對不對.
M: Did the students pay some money for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, the students paid some money for the dance.
M: Did all of them pay?
M: Yes
F: Yes, all of them paid.
M: When did they pay the money?
M: last Monday
F: They paid the money last Monday.
下面我們要練習(xí)的兩個動詞 buy, b-u-y, buy 跟 bring, b-r-i-n-g, bring 在變成過去式的時候有共同點: buy 變成 bought, b-o-u-g-h-t, bought; bring 變成 brought,
b-r-o-u-g-h-t, brought. 現(xiàn)在我們來練習(xí)這兩個不規(guī)則動詞過去式. 還是由老師用did 和現(xiàn)在式動詞提出問句, 然后老師給你一個詞組,請你用這個詞組跟 bought或是 brought 回答問題. 這些問題都是說到學(xué)生為了開舞會,到超級市場買了食物和飲料, 他們帶了朋友一起參加舞會之類跟舞會有關(guān)系的問題. 在你回答問題之后還是請你聽正確的答案.
M: Did the students buy a lot of things for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, they bought a lot of things.
M: What did they buy?
M: food and drinks
F: They bought food and drinks.
M: Where did they buy them?
M: in the supermarket
F: They bought them in the supermarket.
M: Who did the students bring to the dance?
M: their friends
F: They brought their friends to the dance.
M: Where did the students bring their friends?
M: gymnasium
F: They brought their friends to the gymnasium.
下面我們要練習(xí)的三個不規(guī)則動詞 begin, b-e-g-i-n, begin, drink, d-r-i-n-k, drink跟 sing, s-i-n-g, sing 在變成過去式的時候 "i" 都變成 "a", 所以 begin 變成了began; drink 變成了 drank; sing 了變成 sang. 現(xiàn)在我們還是跟剛才一樣作練習(xí).
老師提出的問題還是都是跟舞會有關(guān)系的, 比方舞會幾點鐘開始, 學(xué)生在舞會里喝了檸檬水跟可口可樂, 瑪麗在舞會里唱了什么歌等等. 還是請你根據(jù)老師給你的詞組來回答問題. 回答之后, 還是請你聽正確答案.
M: When did the dance begin?
M: at 7 o'clock
F: The dance began at 7 o'clock
M: When did the students begin to dance?
M: at 7:30
F: They began to dance at 7:30.
M: What did the students drink at the dance?
M: lemonade and Coca Cola
F: They drank lemonade and Coca Cola.
M: Did some of them drink coffee?
M: Yes
F: Yes, some of them drank coffee.
M: Did Mary sing at the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, Mary sang at the dance.
M: What did Mary sing?
M: an American song
F: Mary sang an American song.
我們今天要練習(xí)的最后一個不規(guī)則動詞過去式就是come, c-o-m-e, come 的過去式 came, c-a-m-e, came. 現(xiàn)在我們按照剛才的方式來練習(xí). 請你用老師提出的詞組跟 came 回答學(xué)生是幾點鐘來到會場, 他們是怎么去的等等有關(guān)舞會的問題. 回答之后, 請你跟老師念的正確答案作個比較.
M: Did a lot of people come to the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, a lot of people came to the dance.
M: When did most of them come?
M: at 7 o'clock
F: Most of them came at 7 o'clock.
M: How did most of them come?
M: by car
F: Most of them came by car.
五.聽短文回答問題
首先還是請你聽一段文章, 內(nèi)容是說在美國大學(xué)和高中里學(xué)生為了周未開舞會成立委員會的事情, 還提到了彼德和瑪麗學(xué)校里開舞會的種種情況.
現(xiàn)在請你注意聽.
In American colleges and high schools, students often have dances at their schools on weekends. Students usually plan the dances and do a lot of work for them. They do this in committees. There was a dance last Friday night at Peter and Mary's school. Mary was on the decorating committee and Peter was on the clean up committee. The dance was in the school gymnasium. Every student paid two dollars for the dance. They spent some of the money on decorations and they hired a band to play music. They also bought some food and drinks. The dance began at 7 o' clock. Nearly 500 people came. Most of them were students of Peter and Mary's school. Some students brought friends from other schools. Everyone danced and had a good time.
剛才那段文章比較長, 但是我們今天的練習(xí)都是根據(jù)那段文章編的, 所以應(yīng)該
不太難懂. 你要是沒全懂, 等一會兒老師會再念一遍. 現(xiàn)在老師先把今天測驗的三個問題念給你聽.
第一個問題是:
M: What do American students often do on weekends?
第二個問題是:
M: What committees were Peter and Mary on?
第三個問題是:
M: How did the students spend their money for the dance?
現(xiàn)在老師再把整段文章念一遍, 請你注意剛才三個問題的答案.
In American colleges and high schools, students often have dances at their schools on weekends. Students usually plan the dances and do a lot of work for them. They do this in committees. There was a dance last Friday night at Peter and Mary's school. Mary was on the decorating committee and Peter was on the clean up committee. The dance was in the school gymnasium. Every student paid two dollars for the dance. They spent some of the money on decorations and they hired a band to play music. They also bought some food and drinks. The dance began at 7 o' clock. Nearly 500 people came. Most of them were students of Peter and Mary's school. Some students brought friends from other schools. Everyone danced and had a good time.
現(xiàn)在請你回答問題. 回答之后, 請你聽正確答案.
第一個問題是:
M: What do American students often do on weekends?
F: They often have dances at their schools on weekends.
第二個問題是:
M: What committees were Peter and Mary on?
F: They were on the decorating and clean up committees.
第三個問題是:
M: How did the students spend their money for the dance?
F: They spent some of the money for decorations. They hired a band and they bought some food and drinks.
