中級(jí)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

00:00

00:00

MP3下載

https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0001/1729/tingclass_27_3170723.mp3

https://image.tingclass.net/statics/js/2012

一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例

   在這一課里,我們學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 比方 "一直在玩" have been  playing."一直在學(xué)習(xí)" have been studying 等等.現(xiàn)在我們先來(lái)聽(tīng)今天這一課的對(duì)話(huà),內(nèi)容是說(shuō)彼得和瑪麗談起電腦的事情. 請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng)兩位英文老師的發(fā)音和語(yǔ)調(diào).

   F:  Peter, where have you been?
   M: I've been playing Pac Man at the Arcade in the student union.
   F:  Have you been wasting your time on those computer games again?
   M: Not really, Mary. I've been studying a lot this week and I need a break.
   F:  Why don't you buy a computer and some of those games? Then you can play at home.
   M: I have been looking at home computers.There are a lot of different kinds on market now.
   F:  I know, and they have been getting cheaper.
   M: How do you know that?
   F:  I've been thinking of buying a home computer too.

   現(xiàn)在英文老師再把對(duì)話(huà)用慢速度念一遍, 請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng).

   F:  Peter, where have you been?
   M: I've been playing Pac Man at the Arcade in the student union.
   F:  Have you been wasting your time on those computer games again?
   M: Not really, Mary. I've been studying a lot this week and I need a break.
   F:  Why don't you buy a computer and some of those games? Then you can play at home.
   M: I have been looking at home computers.There are a lot of different kinds on market now.
   F:  I know, and they have been getting cheaper.
   M: How do you know that?
   F:  I've been thinking of buying a home computer too.

   下面我請(qǐng)英文老師把對(duì)話(huà)里的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)句子再念一遍.

   M: I've been playing Pac Man at the Arcade in the student union.
   F:  Have you been wasting your time on those computer games again?
   M: I've been studying a lot this week.
   M: I have been looking at home computers.
   F:  They have been getting cheaper.
   F:  I've been thinking of buying a home computer too.

二.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行式

   聽(tīng)了上面的句子,    我想你或許已經(jīng)注意到現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)是用 has been 或是 have  been 和加了 i-n-g 的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的.    這種時(shí)態(tài)是用來(lái)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)英文老師念一些跟剛才那段對(duì)話(huà)有關(guān)系的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)句子,每個(gè)句子各念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一遍, 跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.

   M: Peter has been taking computer courses this semester.
   F:  Peter has been taking computer courses this semester.
   M: Peter has been playing computer games this afternoon.
   F:  Peter has been playing computer games this afternoon.
   M: Mary has been thinking of buying a home computer recently.
   F:  Mary has been thinking of buying a home computer recently.
   M: Mary has been looking at home computers lately.
   F:  Mary has been looking at home computers lately.

   下面一組練習(xí)是由老師把剛才那些句子改成問(wèn)句, 比方老師說(shuō): "彼得一直在學(xué)什么?"    What  has Peter  been studying? 接著老師說(shuō)   "電腦程式"  computer programming,學(xué)生就回答說(shuō): Peter has been studying computer programming. 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始作練習(xí), 學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你也一起回答.

   M: What has Peter been taking?
   M: computer courses
   F:  Peter has been taking computer courses.
   M: What has Peter been studying?
   M: computer programming
   F:  Peter has been studying computer programming.
   M: What has Peter been playing?
   M: computer games
   F:  Peter has been playing computer games.
   M: What has Mary been thinking of?
   M: buying a home computer
   F:  Mary has been thinking of buying a home computer.
   M: What has Mary been looking at?
   M: home computers
   F:  Mary has been looking at home computers.

   下面一組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)現(xiàn)代電腦進(jìn)步的情況, 比方:現(xiàn)在電腦比以前便宜,比以前有效率, 也比以前受歡迎等等. 練習(xí)的作法是由男老師用have  become 加上形容詞比較級(jí)作句子, 比方: "電腦比以前實(shí)用了."     Computers have become more practical,  請(qǐng)你用 have been getting 加上形容詞比較級(jí)把句子改成 "電腦越來(lái)越實(shí)用." Computers have been getting  more    practical.  現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始作練習(xí), 請(qǐng)你每作完一句就聽(tīng)老師念正確答案.

   M: Computers have become smaller.
   F:  Computers have been getting smaller.
   M: Computers have become better.
   F:  Computers have been getting better.
   M: Computers have become easier to use.
   F:  Computers have been getting easier to use.
   M: Computers have become cheaper.
   F:  Computers have been getting cheaper.
   M: Computers have become more economical.
   F:  Computers have been getting more economical.
   M: Computers have become more useful.
   F:  Computers have been getting more useful.
   M: Computers have become more practical.
   F:  Computers have been getting more practical.
   M: Computers have become more efficient.
   F:  Computers have been getting more efficient.
   M: Computers have become more convenient.
   F:  Computers have been getting more convenient.
   M: Computers have become more popular.
   F:  Computers have been getting more popular.

   剛才那組練習(xí)里有些形容詞你可能不太熟,  比方 "經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠"   economical, "有效率" efficient  等等.  現(xiàn)在我們作一組代換練習(xí), 一方面復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),一方面復(fù)習(xí)這些形容詞. 請(qǐng)你在學(xué)生作代換練習(xí)的時(shí)候也一起作.

   M: Computers have been getting smaller.
   M: better
   F:  Computers have been getting better.
   M: more useful
   F:  Computers have been getting more useful.
   M: more practical
   F:  Computers have been getting more practical.
   M: more economical
   F:  Computers have been getting more economical.
   M: more efficient
   F:  Computers have been getting more efficient.
   M: more convenient
   F:  Computers have been getting more convenient.
   M: more popular
   F:  Computers have been getting more popular.

   下面一組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)電腦的發(fā)展情況.    練習(xí)的作法是老師念一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)句子,比方 "更好的電腦已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)了." Better computers have  been  designed.  接著老師念出名詞,    也就是動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者,  比方   "技師" technicians,     請(qǐng)你用老師給你的名詞把原來(lái)的句子改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子,     所以剛才那例子的答案就是:  "技師一直在設(shè)計(jì)更好的電腦. "Technicians have been designing better computers. 這組練習(xí)比較難, 所以你要特別注意. 每作完一句老師會(huì)念出正確答案,讓你作個(gè)比較, 看你作對(duì)了沒(méi)有.

   M: Small computers have been made.
   M: technicians
   F:  Technicians have been making small computers.
   M: Better computers have been designed.
   M: technicians
   F:  Technicians have been designing better computers.
   M: Computer science courses have been studied.
   M: many students
   F:  Many students have been studying computer science courses.
   M: Computer science courses have been taken.
   M: many students
   F:  Many students have been taking computer science courses.
   M: Home computers have been bought.
   M: a lot of people
   F:  A lot of people have been buying home computers.
   M: computers have been used at home.
   M: a lot of people
   F:  A lot of people have been using computers at home.

   下面一組練習(xí)的作法是老師念一個(gè)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)句子, 比方:  "人們一直用電腦來(lái)計(jì)算復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題. "  People  have  been  using  computers  to compute complex problems.接著老師念出一個(gè)詞組, 比方: "存放資料" store information,請(qǐng)你把老師提出的詞組代換到原來(lái)的句子里,所以答案就是 People have been using computers to store information. 在這一組練習(xí)里你可以學(xué)到電腦的許多用途, 比方: "記錄生意狀況" record business, "與別人溝通"  communicate  with others,  "寄帳單給客戶(hù)" send bills to customers, "記下存貨數(shù)量"    keep records of inventories,  "記錄開(kāi)支數(shù)目"  keep  track    of  expenses, "開(kāi)關(guān)電動(dòng)器具" turn appliances on and off  等等.  這些詞匯你可能不太熟,    請(qǐng)你作練習(xí)的時(shí)候特別注意聽(tīng), 每作完一句就聽(tīng)老師再把正確答案念一遍.

   M: People have been using computers to compute complex problems.
   M: store information
   F:  People have been using computers to store information.
   M: record business
   F:  People have been using computers to record business.
   M: communicate with others
   F:  People have been using computers to communicate with others.
   M: send bills to customers
   F:  People have been using computers to send bills to customers
   M: keep records of inventories
   F:  People have been using computers to keep records of inventories.
   M: keep track of expenses
   F:  People have been using computers to keep track of expenses.
   M: turn their appliances on and off
   F:  People have been using computers to turn their appliances on and off.

   下面一組練習(xí)是由老師念一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)句,   比方:   Do people use computers for entertainment? 學(xué)生就用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)把句子改成     Have people been using computers for entertainment? 這組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容還是說(shuō)到電腦的用途.作這組練習(xí)一方面可以練習(xí)不同時(shí)態(tài), 一方面也可以復(fù)習(xí)剛才學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯.請(qǐng)你在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候也一起作.

   M: Do people use computers for entertainment?
   F:  Have people been using computers for entertainment?
   M: Do people use computers for communication?
   F:  Have people been using computers for communication?
   M: Do people use computers for inventories?
   F:  Have people been using computers for inventories?
   M: Do people use computers for record-keeping?
   F:  Have people been using computers for record-keeping?
   M: Do people use computers to store information?
   F:  Have people been using computers to store information?
   M: Do people use computers to compute complex problems?
   F:  Have people been using computers to compute complex problems?
   M: Do people use computers to send bills to customers?
   F:  Have people been using computers to send bills to customers?
   M: Do people use computers to keep track of expenses?
   F:  Have people been using computers to keep track of expenses?
   M: Do people use computers to turn their appliances on and off?
   F:  Have people been using computers to turn their appliances on and off?

三.聽(tīng)短文回答問(wèn)題

   今天我們要聽(tīng)一篇關(guān)于電腦工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速的文章.這篇文章里有不少現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)句子, 也有許多我們剛才練習(xí)過(guò)的詞匯.請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng), 等一會(huì)兒老師要根據(jù)文章問(wèn)你幾個(gè)問(wèn)題.

   The home computers industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years.  Computers  used  to  be  large, expensive    machines  that  were very difficult to use. But  scientists  and  technicians  have been  making them smaller and cheaper while at the same  time  they  have  been  made  easier to  use.  As a  result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers  have  been designed  to store  information and compute  complex problems. Some have voices that speak with the operators.  Stores use    computers  to keep records of their inventories and to send bills to their customers. Offices use computers to type letters, record business and communicate with other offices. People  have  been  using  computers in their  homes  to keep  track  of expenses and  turn appliances on and off. One  important  new  use  for  computers is for entertainment.  Many new games have been designed  to  be  played on  the  computers. People of  all  ages have  been playing these games. They have been going to Arcades where the computer games can be played  for a small cost. People also have been buying home computers to play computer games  at home.  They have become very popular indeed.

   剛才那篇文章你都聽(tīng)懂了嗎? 如果沒(méi)有, 不要著急, 等一會(huì)兒你還有機(jī)會(huì)聽(tīng). 現(xiàn)在老師先把今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的問(wèn)題念一遍給你聽(tīng).

   第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: Why have computers been getting more popular?
   第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: How can computers be used?
   第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: Who has been playing computer games?

   現(xiàn)在老師再用慢速度把整篇文章念一遍.

   The home computers industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years.  Computers  used  to  be  large, expensive    machines  that  were very difficult to use. But  scientists  and  technicians  have been  making them smaller and cheaper while at the same  time  they  have  been  made  easier to  use.  As a  result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers  have  been designed  to store  information and compute  complex problems. Some have voices that speak with the operators.  Stores use    computers  to keep records of their inventories and to send bills to their customers. Offices use computers to type letters, record business and communicate with other offices. People  have  been  using  computers in their  homes  to keep  track  of expenses and  turn appliances on and off. One  important  new  use  for  computers is for entertainment.  Many new games have been designed  to  be  played on  the  computers. People of  all  ages have  been playing these games. They have been going to Arcades where the computer games can be played  for a small cost. People also have been buying home computers to play computer games  at home.  They have become very popular indeed.

   現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題. 每回答一個(gè)問(wèn)題就請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)老師念正確答案.

   第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: Why have computers been getting more popular?
   F:  It is because they are smaller, cheaper and easier to use.

   第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: How can computers be used?
   F:  They can be used to do any of the ten things mentioned in the reading.

   第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
   M: Who has been playing computer games?
   F:  People of all ages have been playing computer games.