《Brokeback Mountain》　斷背山　每個人心中都有一座山

No.013　《Brokeback Mountain》　斷背山　每個人心中都有一座山

英文導讀

Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee. It is a film adaptation of the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx with the screenplay written by Diana Ossana and Larry McMurtry. The film stars Heath Ledger, Jake Gyllenhaal, Anne Hathaway and Michelle Williams and depicts the complex romantic and sexual relationship between two men in the American West from 1963 to 1983.

Early one morning in Signal, Wyoming, Ennis Del Mar (Heath Ledger) and Jack Twist (Jake Gyllenhaa) meet while lining up for employment with local rancher Joe Aguirre. The world which Ennis and Jack have been born into is, at once, changing rapidly and yet scarcely evolving. Both young men seem certain of their set places in the heartland—obtaining steady work, marrying, and raising a family—and yet they hunger for something beyond what they can articulate. When Aguirre dispatches them to work as sheepherders up on the majestic Brokeback Mountain, they gravitate towards camaraderie and then a deeper intimacy. At summer's end, the two must come down from Brokeback and part ways. Remaining in Wyoming, Ennis weds his sweetheart Alma, with whom he will have two daughters as he ekes out a living. Jack, in Texas, catches the eye of rodeo queen Lureen Newsome. Their courtship and marriage result in a son, as well as jobs in her father's business. Four years pass. One day, Alma brings Ennis a postcard from Jack, who is en route to visit Wyoming. Ennis waits expectantly for his friend, and when Jack at last arrives, in just one moment it is clear that the passage of time has only strengthened the men's attachment. In the years that follow, Ennis and Jack struggle to keep their secret bond alive. They meet up several times annually. Even when they are apart, they face the eternal questions of fidelity, commitment, and trust. Ultimately, the one constant in their lives is a force of nature—love.

Brokeback Mountain received an 87% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, compiled from 223 reviews, with the consensus that "a beautifully epic Western, Brokeback Mountain's gay love story is imbued with heartbreaking universality, helped by the moving performances of Ledger and Gyllenhaal."

Brokeback Mountain won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival and was honored with Best Picture and Best Director accolades from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, Golden Globe Awards, Producers Guild of America, Critics Choice Awards, and Independent Spirit Awards among many other organizations and festivals.

Brokeback Mountain was nominated for eight Academy Awards, the most nominations at the 78th Academy Awards, where it won three: Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Original Score. The film was widely considered to be a front runner for the Academy Award for Best Picture, but lost to Crash. Brokeback Mountain ranks 11th among the highest-grossing romance films of all time.

獲獎情況

2006年第78屆奧斯卡：最佳導演、最佳改編劇本、最佳原創(chuàng)配樂獎，并榮獲最佳影片提名、最佳男主角提名、最佳女配角提名、最佳男配角提名、最佳攝影提名。

影片信息

導演：李安

編劇：拉里·麥克穆特瑞、黛安娜·奧薩納、安妮·普露

主演：希斯·萊杰、杰克·吉倫希爾、米歇爾·威廉姆斯、安妮·海瑟薇

類型：劇情、愛情、家庭

制片國家（地區(qū)）：加拿大、美國

上映日期：2005-12-16（美國）

片長：134分鐘

又名：《斷臂山》

劇情簡介

沉默寡言的農(nóng)夫恩尼斯（希斯·萊杰　飾）和熱情開朗的牛仔杰克（杰克·吉倫希爾　飾）一道被派到山上牧羊，那里人跡罕至，他們只能與羊群為伴，生活單調(diào)無味。起初二人一個放羊，一個看營地，少有交流。直到有一天，二人晚飯時喝多了酒，深夜又分外寒冷，于是杰克與恩尼斯同帳共裘而眠，在酒精與荷爾蒙的作用下，他們之間發(fā)生了“不該發(fā)生的事”。就此，他們在斷背山上度過了人生中最美好的時光。

季節(jié)性放牧結束，迫于世俗壓力，杰克和恩尼斯不舍地與對方分離，并各自結婚生子。恩尼斯迎娶了自幼相識的阿爾瑪，并有了兩個可愛的女兒；杰克到了得克薩斯州，在妻子露琳家族的扶持下事業(yè)順利，還有了個兒子。雖然彼此真心相愛，但他們只能每年定期約會。與此同時，知情的阿爾瑪痛苦無比，而他們也無法滿足一年只有幾天的團聚。

最終，他們廝守一生的愿望，因杰克同性戀身份被發(fā)現(xiàn)被殺而落空。在杰克去世后，恩尼斯來到了杰克父母的農(nóng)場，希望把杰克的骨灰?guī)Щ氐蕉顺踝R的斷背山。在杰克生前的房間里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個秘密：初識時他們各自穿過的襯衫被整齊地套在了同一個衣掛上。這個秘密讓恩尼斯潸然淚下，他意識到杰克是多么愛他，自己又多么深愛著杰克。但最終見證他們那濃烈的愛的，只有那座壯美蒼郁的斷背山。

制作花絮

杰克·吉倫希爾在決定出演《斷背山》的消息傳出之后即被好萊塢業(yè)內(nèi)人士認定為其所做出的“最愚蠢的決定”，并預言可能導致其事業(yè)的失敗。但杰克·吉倫希爾擔心的則是對“自我演技的懷疑”，而事實證明，《斷背山》不僅沒有對杰克的事業(yè)構成威脅，反而讓他第一次憑借實力獲得了矚目。

由于杰克·吉倫希爾的成長背景與角色相距甚遠，為此他特意在“牛仔訓練營”中訓練了一個月，最終博得了李安“馬騎得很性感”的贊許評價。而來自澳大利亞西部的希斯·萊吉雖然在氣質(zhì)上與美國西部人頗為相似，但為了“形、神、音”兼?zhèn)洌貏e拜師學了一口粗鄙的牛仔腔。

在李安“真愛無關性別”的觀點指引下，兩位主演希斯·萊杰和杰克·吉倫希爾很快丟掉包袱，在拍攝現(xiàn)場傾情投入，而希斯·萊杰爾還幾乎弄破了杰克·吉倫希爾的鼻子。不僅如此，女演員米歇爾·威廉姆斯（希斯·萊杰的未婚妻）覺得這段吻戲棒極了，還在一旁開玩笑說：“來啊，伙計們，為我再親一次吧！”

片中貌合神離的希斯·萊杰與米歇爾·威廉姆斯卻在合作中擦出了愛情火花，2005年10月28日，已訂婚的萊杰和威廉姆斯的愛情結晶——女兒瑪?shù)贍栠_出生了，并舉行了慶祝儀式。

拍攝期間李安同綿羊展開了不懈的斗爭。他一整天都試圖使羊群去飲用溪流中的水，但綿羊除了池塘和水壩中的水以外不會飲用任何活水，最后他只得放棄了這一鏡頭的拍攝。

制片人詹姆斯·沙姆斯在海報設計上沒有采納典型的西部風格的方案，而是參考了50部史上最浪漫的電影海報。“仔細觀察我們的海報”他說，“你能看到我們的靈感來自《泰坦尼克號》。”

重點學習

With whom he will have two daughters as he ekes out a living

Eke out主要用于美國英語中，如果你eke out something, for example, a victory, you obtain it with difficulty.也就是“通過艱難努力而獲得”的意思，所以文中的eke out a living是“勉強糊口，勉強維持生活”的意思，比如：They had to eke out a living a tiny income.（他們不得不靠微薄的收入勉強度日。）

They meet up several times annually

Meet up是英語中一個固定搭配，該搭配常用于口語中，是“偶然相遇；同…碰見”的意思，比如：I will focus on my own career building now, and believe I will meet up with some girl in the right time and right place.（現(xiàn)在我把精力都放在我的事業(yè)上，相信以后會在正確的時間正確的地點邂逅她。）

單詞時間

scarcely[?skε?sli] adv. 幾乎不，簡直不；簡直沒有

heartland[?hɑ:tlænd] n. 中心地帶；心臟地區(qū)

articulate[ɑ:?tikjul?t] vi. [語]發(fā)音；清楚地講話；用關節(jié)連接起來

sheepherder[??i:p?h?:d?] n. （美）牧羊人；養(yǎng)羊的人

gravitate[?ɡræviteit] vi. 受引力作用；被吸引

camaraderie[?kæm??rɑ:d?ri:] n. 友情；同志之愛

intimacy[?intim?si] n. 性行為；親密；親昵行為；隱私

fidelity[fi?deliti] n. 保真度；忠誠；精確；盡責

imbue[im?bju:] vt. 灌輸；使感染；使?jié)B透

universality[?ju:niv?:?sæl?ti] n. 普遍性；廣泛性；一般性；多方面性

accolade[?æk?uleid] n. 榮譽；榮譽稱號授予儀式；連譜號；稱贊