你認(rèn)為高中運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該承受贏得比賽的壓力嗎

今天的這段對(duì)話，在討論比賽，
 
你認(rèn)為高中運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該承受贏得比賽的壓力嗎
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A: Okay Monica, we're going to debate winning and sports, especially for young people. So do you think that winning should be stressed with sports, with, let's say high school athletes?
 
莫妮卡，我們要來討論一下與年輕人贏得比賽有關(guān)的事情。你認(rèn)為高中運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該承受贏得比賽的壓力嗎？
 
B: Well, it depends on the situation and what they're training for, but generally I think that winning is overemphasized in sport. I think that participation is more important. Yeah.
 
這要取決于實(shí)際情況和他們訓(xùn)練的目的，不過一般來說，我認(rèn)為勝利在體育比賽中被過分強(qiáng)調(diào)了。我認(rèn)為參與更重要。
 
A: Why would you say that?
 
你為什么這么認(rèn)為？
 
B: Well, I think if you concentrate too much on winning, then the problem is, if you don't win, you don't enjoy the sport, so the emphasis is shifted from enjoyment to basically results, so I think it can be quite damaging.
 
我認(rèn)為，如果你太注重獲勝，那就會(huì)出現(xiàn)問題，如果你沒有獲勝，你就不會(huì)享受這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，那重點(diǎn)就從享受轉(zhuǎn)移到了結(jié)果，我認(rèn)為這種情況極具破壞性。
 
A: Right. I kind of agree with what you're saying. And actually, I played high school sports, and I was never very good. And I always wish I participated more than I did, but I actually think that the focus on winning in some ways is quite important, and that it does serve a good purpose to have a focus on winning rather than on participation. I think the main reason is because when you focus on winning, that drives everybody to be better. So if you want to win, if you want to be on the team, etc., you have to force yourself to be better, and it's the carrot on the end of the stick. And it makes people train harder, work harder, it sets a goal for them, and it kind of prepares them for life that sometimes you fail, and sometimes you don't get what you want. And so that's why sports and the whole focus on winning is good because it's exactly how life is in the real world.
 
好。我基本上同意你的觀點(diǎn)。實(shí)際上，我高中時(shí)參加了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，不過我的成績(jī)一直不太好。我一直希望我能多參與一些，可是我認(rèn)為從某種程度上來說，注重獲勝非常重要，相比于參與度，更注重成績(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的目標(biāo)。我認(rèn)為主要原因是，注重獲勝會(huì)使所有人做得更好。如果你想贏，你想成為隊(duì)伍的一員，那你就要使自己變得更優(yōu)秀，就像棍子末端的胡蘿卜。這會(huì)讓人更努力訓(xùn)練、更努力練習(xí)，設(shè)定目標(biāo)，用一生去準(zhǔn)備，雖然有時(shí)會(huì)失敗，有時(shí)得不到自己想要的。這就是體育運(yùn)動(dòng)注重獲勝的好處，因?yàn)檫@就是真實(shí)世界的生活。
 
B: I would tend to argue the other way and say that actually sport doesn't reflect life in terms of winning and losing. I mean, let's take a work situation. It's not about winning or losing, it's about cooperating with people that you work with, and so, if you have had an upbringing where you've been in a sports team that has been overly competitive, you could transfer that competitiveness into a workplace and it can be counterproductive because it may mean that you... you're just not very good at being a team player in a work environment.
 
我的看法與你相反，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)上的勝和負(fù)不能反映生活。以工作情況來舉例。工作情況就與輸贏無關(guān)，而是要和同事合作，如果你在運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)中培養(yǎng)出了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力過強(qiáng)的習(xí)慣，那你可能會(huì)把這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性帶入工作環(huán)境，這樣一來就有可能事與愿違，因?yàn)檫@可能說明你不太擅長(zhǎng)在工作環(huán)境中融入團(tuán)隊(duì)。
 
A: That's actually a really good point. But you can also argue that actually, you know, even a work environment is like sport in that you have teamwork, and you have to work together, and if you don't work together in a very productive way, maybe you'll be out of a job, or your company won't be productive, so you need to have that instinct to continually drive to be better; to be better than other people. And it sounds really brutal, but I think that's just how business works.
 
這是一個(gè)非常好的觀點(diǎn)。不過也可以說，工作環(huán)境和體育運(yùn)動(dòng)是類似的，你要進(jìn)行團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，要和他人合作，如果你不用富有成效的方式工作，那你可能會(huì)失業(yè)，或者你所在的公司工作效率不高，你需要那種不斷上進(jìn)的本能，成為更優(yōu)秀的人；成為比其他人更優(yōu)秀的人。這聽起來很殘忍，但是我認(rèn)為這就是商業(yè)的運(yùn)作模式。
 
B: Well you're talking about work being business, but I mean, I'm a teacher, and... it brings me to quite an interesting discussion that's taking place now in teaching, which is two different, kind of political views really, in terms of teachers because people want high standards in terms of their teachers. And one idea is to rate teachers in comparison to other teachers, and basically give the top teachers incentives so that they get paid more than teachers who aren't as good as them. But the counter-argument to that is that it creates a really hostile environment in the workplace, and in a school where you really need teachers to work together, I'm not sure that that's the best way to go.
 
你說的是業(yè)務(wù)工作，而我是一名老師，這使我想到了教學(xué)中一個(gè)非常有意思的討論，現(xiàn)在有兩種針對(duì)老師的不同政治觀點(diǎn)，人們希望老師具備高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。其中一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是，對(duì)老師進(jìn)行比較和評(píng)價(jià)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)優(yōu)秀教師，這樣這些老師的工資就會(huì)比能力不如他們的老師高。而反方觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，這種做法在工作環(huán)境中營(yíng)造了一種敵對(duì)環(huán)境，在需要老師團(tuán)結(jié)合作的學(xué)校里，我不確定這是否是最好的方法。
 
A: Yeah, well that's another debate for another day.
 
對(duì)，我們可以再找一天討論這個(gè)問題。
 
B: Is that a cop out or what?
 
這是逃避還是什么？