談?wù)劶s翰彌爾頓在劍橋大學(xué)上學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，在各個(gè)時(shí)期創(chuàng)作了哪些優(yōu)秀作品

 
談?wù)劶s翰彌爾頓在劍橋大學(xué)上學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，在各個(gè)時(shí)期創(chuàng)作了哪些優(yōu)秀作品
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A:John Milton is a genius. His masterpieces Paradise Lost、Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes are pearls of world literature.
 
約翰彌爾頓真是個(gè)天才。他的杰作 《失樂園》、《復(fù)樂園》和《力士參孫》是世界文學(xué)的明珠。
 
B:I cannot agree with you more. The works of today’s poets are not half as brilliant as those of Milton. And he excels in languages studying, too. He can speak and write in Greek, Latin, and Italian.
 
我非常同意你的觀點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)在很多詩(shī)人的作品遠(yuǎn)不如彌爾頓的精彩。彌爾頓還精通多種語(yǔ)言。他通曉希臘語(yǔ)、拉丁語(yǔ)和意大利語(yǔ)。
 
A:Milton is a life-long student. His schooling started at home before he went to read the works of Homer and Virgil in Greek and Latin at St Paul’s School in London.
 
彌爾頓終身都在學(xué)習(xí)。在他到倫敦圣保羅學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)希臘語(yǔ)的荷馬著作和拉丁語(yǔ)的維吉爾著作之前，他在家里就開始學(xué)習(xí)了。
 
B: And he entered Christ’s College, Cambridge in 1625 with the intent to become a minister.
 
1625年，他抱著要當(dāng)牧師的念頭考人了劍橋大學(xué)基督學(xué)院。
 
A: But Milton did not adjust to university life. He was called, half in scorn, “The Lady of Christ’s”.
 
但是彌爾頓并不適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。同學(xué)們半帶蔑視地稱他為"基督學(xué)院的女士”。
 
B: While Milton was a hardworking student, he was also argumentative. Only a year later, in 1626, he got suspended after a dispute with his tutor.
 
雖然彌爾頓是一個(gè)刻苦學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生，他卻喜歡和老師爭(zhēng)論。入學(xué)后僅一年，也就是1926年，由于與導(dǎo)師產(chǎn)生了矛盾，他被迫輟學(xué)。
 
A: During his temporary return to London, Milton attended plays, and began his first forays into poetry.
 
在彌爾頓暫返倫敦的這段時(shí)間里，他參加了戲劇演出，并開始嘗試寫詩(shī)。
 
B: At his return to Cambridge, Milton was assigned a new tutor. But life at Cambridge was still not easy on Milton; he felt he was disliked by many of his fellow students and he was dissatisfied with the curriculum.
 
回到劍橋后，校方為彌爾頓重選了一個(gè)新導(dǎo)師。但彌爾頓仍感到在劍橋大學(xué)生活不易。他覺得許多同學(xué)都不喜歡他，對(duì)課程設(shè)置也不滿意。
 
A: But he did learn a lot in Cambridge. It was at Cambridge that he composed  “On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity”，
 
但是彌爾頓的確在劍橋?qū)W到了很多東西?！痘秸Q生的早晨》這首諳正是他在劍橋創(chuàng)作的。
 
B:You’re quite right. Upon graduation in 1632 with a Master of Arts degree, he retired to the family homes, for years of private study and literary composition.
 
你說得很對(duì)。1632年畢業(yè)拿到文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位后，彌爾頓退隱家中，花費(fèi)數(shù)年時(shí)間自學(xué)和創(chuàng)作文學(xué)。
 
A:That’s true. Milton had given up his plan to become a priest. He adopted no profession but spent six years at leisure in his father’s home, writing literary works.
 
的確如此。彌爾頓放棄了成為牧師的計(jì)劃。他沒有找任何工作，6年來的閑暇時(shí)光都待在父親的房子里，進(jìn)行文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。
 
B:At the same time Milton decided to further his studies in languages including Hebrew. And he travelled many countries in the late 1630s where he immersed himself in their history and culture.
 
同時(shí)彌爾頓決定加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)，包括希伯來語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)。17世紀(jì)30年代晚期，他去了很多國(guó)家旅游，并沉浸于所到國(guó)家的歷史和文化之中。
 
A:He met many prominent learned men during the travelling including Galileo Galilei.
 
在旅行中，他遇到了包括伽利略伽利雷在內(nèi)的很多杰出的博學(xué)之人。
 
B:Yes, he also had a long and meaningful conversation with Galileo Galilei. Their conversation was recorded in his celebrated plea for a free speech and free discussion, AREOPAGITICA (On Liberty).
 
是的。他還和伽利略伽利雷有過一次長(zhǎng)時(shí)間富有意義的談話。他們的對(duì)話被記錄在彌爾頓著名的呼吁自由演講和討論的《論自由》一書中。
 
A:And I remember that there are references to Galileo’s telescope in Paradise Lost.
 
我還記得彌爾頓在《失樂園》中也談到了伽利略的望遠(yuǎn)鏡。
 
B:The intense work of translating and writing created much strain on his eyes and by 1652 he was entirely blind and relied on the assistance of other people,
 
翻譯和寫作的高強(qiáng)度工作使他的眼睛不堪重負(fù)，到了 1652年，他已經(jīng)完全失明了，要依賴別人的幫助才能工作。
 
A: But it seems that Milton was not unduly grieved by his loss of sight. Instead, blindness helped him to stimulate his verbal richness.
 
但是彌爾頓對(duì)于自己的失明似乎并不怎么傷心。相反，失明有肋于刺激他語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)。
 
B: He sacrificed his sight, and then he remembered his first desire, that of being a poet. During the plague years he left London and lived in a cottage in the village of Chalfont St Giles, Buckinghamshire.
 
彌爾頓雖然失明了，但是他想起了他最初的夢(mèng)想，那就是成為一名詩(shī)人。在倫敦大瘟疫期間，他離開倫敦，住在了白金漢郡查爾芬特圣賈爾斯村子的一個(gè)小屋里。
 
A: It was here that Milton prepared for publication Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained.
 
正是在這里，彌爾頓創(chuàng)作書了《失樂園》和《復(fù)樂園》，并準(zhǔn)備出版。