為什么有的學(xué)生要為南方而戰(zhàn)呢？哈佛大學(xué)紀(jì)念堂三個(gè)部分分別有什么功能

 
為什么有的學(xué)生要為南方而戰(zhàn)呢？哈佛大學(xué)紀(jì)念堂三個(gè)部分分別有什么功能

來聽今天的講解:
 
A: Next, I’ll show something that can remind people of the wounds of the States.
 
接下來我要讓你看一樣?xùn)|西，它令人們想起美國的創(chuàng)傷。
 
B: Do you mean the Civil War?
 
你是不是說內(nèi)戰(zhàn)？
 
A: Yes. It split a family, with the father on the Southern side and the son on the Northern side, and brothers turning against each other.
 
是的，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)使得家庭破裂，父親為南方而戰(zhàn)，兒子為北方而戰(zhàn)，兄弟之間也反目成仇。
 
B: What a tragedy!
 
真是悲劇！
 
A: The Civil War has been a grief to Americans, including Harvard people, needless to say. Classmates made their way to different armies. Some joined the Union and other turned to the Confederate.
 
內(nèi)戰(zhàn)一直都是美國人心中的痛，不用說也是哈佛人心中的傷痛。同學(xué)投奔不同的軍隊(duì)，一些加入了北方聯(lián)邦軍隊(duì)，而另一些則加人了南方聯(lián)盟軍。
 
B: Why did some students fight for the South? It is the South that broke away from the country.
 
為什么有的學(xué)生要為南方而戰(zhàn)呢？南方不是叛軍嗎？
 
A: Yes, for most people, the North was fighting to liberate the slaves. It’s true. Nevertheless, not all the northern people fought with such a altruistic aim. You know, the North was desperate for free labor then.
 
是的，對大多數(shù)人來說，北方是在為解放奴隸而戰(zhàn)，但并不是所有北方人都這么無私。你知道的，那時(shí)北方急需自由勞動力。
 
B: If slaves were freed from the southern plantation,there would be more free labor.
 
假如奴隸從南方的種植園中解放出來，就會有更多自由勞動力。
 
A: It turned out to be true. After the Civil War, the South’s traditional economic system was paralyzed while the northern industry took off.
 
事實(shí)確實(shí)如此。內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后，南方的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制癱瘓了，但北方的工業(yè)卻取得了巨大的成功。
 
B:Despite this, it was a must to rise as a modern industrial country.
 
盡管如此，為了能成為一個(gè)現(xiàn)代工業(yè)強(qiáng)國，這個(gè)過程是必需的。
 
A: That said，people can’t forget it. To remember the alumni who fought for the Union cause and died, Harvard constructed this Memorial Hall. Here we are. Lefs go inside.
 
話雖如此，但很多人仍對此念念不忘。為了紀(jì)念為北方聯(lián)邦軍獻(xiàn)身的校友，哈佛建造了這個(gè)紀(jì)念堂。我們到了，進(jìn)去看看吧。
 
B: It looks like a typical European architecture.
 
看起來像個(gè)典型的歐式建筑。
 
A: The theatre’s design is based on Christopher Wren’s Sheldonian Theatre at Oxford, England.
 
這個(gè)劇院是按照英國牛津大學(xué)的謝爾登尼安劇院的樣子設(shè)計(jì)的，謝爾登尼安劇院是列恩設(shè)計(jì)的。
 
B: The theatre? Didn’t you say it’s a memorial hall?
 
劇院？你不是說這是個(gè)紀(jì)念堂嗎？
 
A: Oh, yes. The Hall consists of three parts, the Annenberg Hall, the Memorial Transept and Tower, an Sanders Theatre.
 
哦，是的，紀(jì)念堂包括三個(gè)部分：安納伯格大廳、紀(jì)念堂和塔樓、桑德斯劇院。
 
B: Does each function differently?
 
每個(gè)的功能各不相同？
 
A: Rather different. The Annenberg Hall is the hall’s great room. It was converted to a student commons soon after construction. Now it’s the dining hall for all freshmen.
 
相當(dāng)不一樣。安內(nèi)伯格廳是紀(jì)念堂的大廳，一建成就被用作學(xué)生休息室，現(xiàn)在是新生食堂。
 
A: A dinning hall?! Oh, my god! I thought it serves at least as a gallery or what.
 
食堂？噢，天哪！我以為至少會是個(gè)美術(shù)館什么的。
 
A: The transept, or the main entrance to the hall, mainly serves that function. In 2006，I came here to appreciate the Deep Wounds, a temporary art instaUation that explored relationships destroyed by conflict and the possibility of healing.
 
耳堂，也就是紀(jì)念堂的入口的主要功能是展覽。2006年我來這兒欣賞了一下“深傷”，那是個(gè)暫時(shí)性的藝術(shù)裝置，用來探索在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中破裂的關(guān)系和傷□愈含的可能性。
 
B: What was it like?
 
是什么樣的裝置？
 
A: You know, the hall was built to honor the Harvard graduated who died in the Civil War while fighting for the Union. So each of these men’s year of graduation, name, and date of death are permanently inscribed in the marble wall of the transept.
 
你知道的，紀(jì)念堂是為紀(jì)念在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中為聯(lián)邦軍陣亡的校友而建的，所以每個(gè)人的畢業(yè)年份、名字、死亡日期都被永久性地刻在了耳堂的大理石墻上了。
 
B: Only the names of those on the Union side?
 
只有聯(lián)邦軍的名字？
 
A: Yes. In the Deep Wounds, however, each Harvard Confederate man’s year of graduation, state, and date of death were projected onto the floor. Instead of a name, however, I saw a relationship such as “father” or “classmate” that described a relationship he had to those Union men on the wall.
 
是的，但在“深傷”這個(gè)展覽上，每個(gè)參加南方聯(lián)盟軍的哈佛人的畢業(yè)年份、所在州、死亡日期也都被投射在地板上。但我沒有看到名字，只看到了諸如“父親”或“同學(xué)”之類的字樣，這些是用來描述他們和墻上那些聯(lián)邦軍之間的關(guān)系。
 
B: To mend the broken families or relationships. What’s the function of the…theatre? I forget its name.
 
為了修復(fù)破裂的家庭和關(guān)系。那個(gè)什么劇院，我忘記名字了，它的功能是什么？
 
A: Sanders Theatre. It's internationally known for its superior acoustic. During the academic year, the theatre serves as the major lecture hall, hosting undergraduate courses, many prestigious lectures, and annual commencement and reunion activities. In other time, it’s a theatre.
 
桑德斯劇院，它的音響效果超級好，在世界上都是有名的。學(xué)生在校期間，劇院的功能是主教學(xué)樓，本科生課程、很多著名講座、每車的畢業(yè)典禮和其他聚會活動都是在這里舉行的。其他時(shí)間里，它就是個(gè)劇院。
 
B: Designers were smart to combine historical meaning and practical functions in one architecture.
 
設(shè)計(jì)者很聰明，把歷史意義和實(shí)用功能結(jié)含在了一起。