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南非引起鉆石潮的原因是什么?出臺《鉆石貿易法案》產生了什么不利影響

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tingliketang

2023年05月31日

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今天的這段對話,在討論鉆石,

 

南非引起鉆石潮的原因是什么?出臺《鉆石貿易法案》產生了什么不利影響

 

來聽今天的講解:

 

A: Nicole,  look at this !

 

尼科爾,看看這個!

 

B: Is that your engagement ring?

 

是你的訂婚戒指嗎?

 

A: Yes, it's a South African diamond.

 

對,是南非鉆戒。

 

B: I think those are the best in che world, it must have cost your boyfriend an arm and a leg.

 

我認為這是世界上最好的鉆石,一定花了你男朋友很多錢。   

 

A: You're night! It all started when in 1867 a pretty pebble found near the Orange River, in the wilds of South Afiica, was identified as a 21-carat diamond.

 

你說得沒錯!1867年,一顆漂亮的小石頭在南非奧蘭治河附近的荒野中被發(fā)現(xiàn),后來被鑒定為21克拉的鉆石。

 

B: That's bigger than yours, bur not the biggest. Placer diamonds were found between the Vaal and Orange Rivers later in the year, and in March 1869 an 83-carat diamond tumed up.

 

那比你的這顆要大,但不是最大的。1867年下半年,在瓦爾河和奧蘭治河交界的地方找到了鉆石砂礦,1869年3月發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆83克拉的鉆石。

 

A: So that must have been the start of the diamond rush. By the end of 1871 two well-defined areas were recognized as the source areas. or "pipes", for the diamonds. Four pipes were discovered all together at the town of Kiinberley.

 

所以這一定是引起鉆石潮的原因。到1871年末,有兩個地區(qū)被明確認定為鉆石區(qū)或管狀礦脈:在金伯利城共發(fā)現(xiàn)了4個管狀礦脈。

 

B: So many people worked there. In 1872 the pipes were giant open quames worked by 2500 miners and 10, 000 hired laborers neighbours.

 

所以很多人都到那里工作,1872年各礦脈都成為巨大的露天采掘場,有2500名礦工,還有1萬名雇傭工人。

 

A: That’s huge! But , as they went deeper, the more difficult it got. The number of claim owners in the Kimberley pit dropped dramatically as people bought out their neighbours.

 

真夠大的!可是后來這工作越來越難做了。而且,隨著有些人買下他們鄰居的土地所有權,金伯利礦坑產權擁有者人數(shù)也急劇下降。

 

B: Yes, but then the Diamond Trade Act allowed the companies to set up  "searching-houses" in a system of routine surveillance, searching, and strippmg by company police.

 

是這樣,而且當時出臺的《鉆石貿易法案》允許各公司在例行的日常監(jiān)督體制下設立 “搜身事”,由公司警察對工人進行搜身和脫衣服檢查。

 

A: The companies were forced by strikes to be more lenient to their white worken than to blacks. So. I guess this was the first apartheid.

 

由于罷工,公司不得不對他們的白人工人比對待黑人工人更寬大些。因此,我想這就是第一次種族隔離的出現(xiàn),

 

B: Unfortunately, yes. The methods were successful. however. After De Beers set up its "searching-houses" in March 1883,its diamond production rose significantly, showing that there had been a hemorrhage of diamonds from the workings.

 

非常遺憾,確實是這樣。不過,這種方法的確奏效。1883年3月,德•比爾斯公司設立自己的“搜身室”之后,該公司的鉆石產量大大增加,這表明工作過程中一直存在鉆石大量流失現(xiàn)象。

 

A: The De Becn I think my 2lth  birthday present was by De Beers. Lord Rothschild, probably one of the most famous rich men in the world.

 

•比爾斯公司?我記得我21歲的生日禮物就是這家公司出產的。是羅恩柴爾德勛爵,他可能是世界上最富有的人之一

 

B: It probably was. You know who headed De beers?Lord Rothschild, probably one of the most famous rich men in the world.

 

噢,所以這就是為什么我爸爸經常說:“你以為我是誰,羅恩柴爾德嗎?”

 

A: Oh, so that's why my dad always says. "Who do you think I am, Rorhschild?"

 

可能是吧。你知道德•比爾斯公司的領導是誰?

 

B: I'm going ro have their pale pinkish yellow diamond, called "Champagne"  for my engagement ring.

 

我想買個訂婚戒指,就是他們生產的淺粉紅色又帶點黃色的鉆石,叫做“香檳色”。

 

A: Good choice. After all, a diamond is for ever!

 

眼光不錯。畢竟鉆石是恒久不變的嘛。


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