英語聽力文摘 耳痛
A Pain in the Ear
耳痛是一種常見病，耳痛為常見癥狀，常因耳部疾病引起(原發(fā)性或耳源性耳痛)，也可因耳部鄰近器官或其他器官疾病所致(繼發(fā)性或反射性耳痛)。耳痛的嚴(yán)重程度與病變的嚴(yán)重性不一定都一致，但也可能是某些嚴(yán)重疾病的信號(hào)(如耳部的惡性腫瘤)。 耳咽管(從喉嚨背后通到中耳的管道)阻塞是兒童及成人最常見的耳痛原因，通常感冒、鼻竇感染或過敏都會(huì)加重耳痛。
Why is it that young children always get ear aches, but adults never do? Find out on this Moment of Science.
It’s two in the morning, and like most people you’re fast asleep. But then your eyes pop open and your three year old is standing there, (1)tugging her ear and saying, “Mommy, my ear hurts.”
If you’re a parent with a young child, this (2)scenario is probably nothing new. In fact, the typical (3)toddler averages about four ear aches per year. But when’s the last time you had an ear infection? Clearly, little kids are much more likely to get an ear infection than adults. What makes kids so (4)susceptible?
Most infections happen in the middle ear, a pocket about the size of a small grape located just behind the eardrum. When kids get a cold, the (5)auditory tube–a shaft running from the middle ear to the throat–can become filled with fluid.
For grownups this usually isn’t a problem, since adult tubes are large enough to let the fluid (6)drain away. But in children under three, the auditory tube is a lot smaller and more likely to get (7)clogged up. Bacteria love this sort of clogging, and soon they move in and cause infection. The ear reacts by making (8)pus, a thick liquid that fights bacteria. As the pus builds up it pushes on the eardrum, causing pain.
Fortunately, the cure is pretty (9)straightforward. A good dose of antibiotics and your child will be good as new in a few days. So if what seems like a constant series of ear infections is (10)wearing you and your child out, (11)take heart. Around when most kids turn three, their auditory tubes become large enough to make infection less likely.
譯文:
已經(jīng)是凌晨兩點(diǎn)鐘了，就像其他人一樣你正在睡夢(mèng)當(dāng)中。但是你突然睜開眼睛，發(fā)現(xiàn)你三歲的女兒站在那里，拽著她的耳朵說：“媽媽!我的耳朵痛。”
如果你是一個(gè)年幼孩子的家長，你就會(huì)知道這樣的情景并不新奇。實(shí)際上，大部分幼童每年平均有四次耳痛。但是你最后一次耳朵感染是多久呢?明顯地，小孩比大人更容易患耳朵感染。究竟是什么讓小孩如此脆弱呢?
大多數(shù)感染發(fā)生在中耳。在鼓膜后面有一個(gè)小葡萄般大小的囊。當(dāng)兒童感冒以后，耳咽管就會(huì)就會(huì)充滿液體，耳咽管是從中耳到喉嚨的通道。對(duì)于大人來說，這根本不是一個(gè)問題，因?yàn)榇笕说亩使艽蟮米阋宰屢后w流走。但是對(duì)于三歲以下的兒童，他們的耳咽管更小更容易被堵塞。細(xì)菌很喜歡這種賭塞，很快他們就會(huì)滋生，引起感染。耳朵這時(shí)會(huì)做出反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生一種濃稠的殺滅細(xì)菌的膿液。隨著膿液的積聚，它會(huì)壓迫耳膜，引起疼痛。
幸運(yùn)的是，治愈很簡單。只需一劑好的抗生素，你的孩子在幾天內(nèi)就會(huì)康復(fù),如同新生一般。因此如果一系列的耳朵感染似乎讓你和你的孩子筋疲力盡了，一定要振作起來。當(dāng)大多數(shù)兒童到三歲以后，他們的耳咽管就會(huì)變得足夠大，感染也會(huì)變少了。
Notes:
(1)tug [t?ɡ] n.拖船;拖曳;苦干 vi.用力拉;競爭;努力做 vt.用力拉;較量;用拖船拖
The boy tugged at his mother's hand.
男孩用力拉著媽媽的手。
To pull or drag forcibly; tug.
那部電影演得拖拖拉拉。
(2)scenario [si'nɑ:ri?u] n.方案;情節(jié);劇本
The selected scenario failed to load. Select a different scenario.
所選方案加載失敗。請(qǐng)選擇另一個(gè)方案。
(3)toddler ['t?dl?] n.學(xué)步的小孩;幼童裝
We want to buy Childrenwear and Baby Garments, Readymade Garments, Athletic Wear, Dresses, Junior Apparels, Swimwear, Toddler.
我們要采購?fù)b和嬰兒服裝，成衣，運(yùn)動(dòng)服，洋裝，年少的衣服，游泳衣褲。
(4)susceptible [s?'sept?bl] adj.易受影響的;易感動(dòng)的;容許…的 n.易得病的人
I think "feeling right" is especially susceptible to outside pressures.
我認(rèn)為“感覺正確”特別會(huì)受到外部壓力影響。
(5)auditory tube咽鼓管;耳咽管
(6)drain away v.漸漸枯竭;排去;流盡
Some of experts in Russia were drained away to the United states in recent years.
最近幾年俄羅斯一些專家外流到了美國。
The water will soon drain away .
水不久便會(huì)流出了。
(7)clog up:阻塞;塞滿
They hope the volume of dirty traffic will clog up the keyword filters.
他們希望大量包含敏感信息的數(shù)據(jù)流能夠堵塞關(guān)鍵詞過濾系統(tǒng)。
(8)pus [p?s] n.膿;膿汁
As the pus leaves, soul more readily anchors into the form.
當(dāng)膿液離開時(shí)，靈魂就更容易錨定到形體中。
(9)straightforward [,streit'f?:w?d] adj.簡單的;坦率的;明確的;徑直的 adv.直截了當(dāng)?shù)?坦率地
I must insist on you give me a straightforward answer.
我一定要你給我一個(gè)直截了當(dāng)?shù)幕卮稹?/p>
(10)wear out 磨損,耗盡;穿破;使精疲力竭
We must wear the enemy out in a month.
我們必須在一個(gè)月之內(nèi)把敵人拖垮。
(11)take heart振作;鼓起勇氣
If you want to follow your dreams as well as provide for a certain future take heart.
假如你既想追隨夢(mèng)想，又想有一個(gè)美好的未來，那么鼓起勇氣去努力吧。
