英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力文摘472 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與黑客

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網(wǎng)絡(luò)多樣性

I'm so tired of hackers.

That's what happens when you have bunch of computers runing the same software. Because they share the same flaws, if you can hack into one, you can hack into them all.

That appens in nature too. A virus exploits the same vulnerability in a genetically similar group and wipes everyone out.

Luckily, because of random mutations in our genes, most species exhibit enough genetic variation, or biodiversity, that a disease that kills one member won’t necessarily kill the next. That’s why computer scientists are trying to create a computerized version of biodiversity, which they’re calling cyber-diversity.

Computer Scientists are currently researching various ways to automatically and randomlymodify software in slightly different ways without changing the overall functionality. To users like us, the computers would seem the same, but hackers would have to treat computers on a case-by-case basis.

Even in nature, viruses mutate. That’s why the flu keeps coming back year after year. Just like hackers. Still, the National Science Foundation is investing $750,000 in cyber-diversity. Think of it as evolution in fast forward.

我討厭黑客。

如果所有的電腦都在運(yùn)行同一個(gè)軟件很容易被黑客攻擊。因?yàn)樗鼈冇兄嗤穆┒矗绻隳苋肭忠慌_(tái)電腦，那么所有的電腦都可以入侵。

實(shí)質(zhì)也是如此。病毒就是利用一個(gè)組群相同的漏洞將其一一摧毀。

幸運(yùn)的是，因?yàn)槲覀兊幕蚴请S機(jī)突變的，大多數(shù)物種都呈現(xiàn)出足夠的基因變化或生物多樣性，所以讓一個(gè)成員死亡的疾病并不一定能使其他成員死亡。這就是為什么計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家試圖創(chuàng)造一個(gè)用計(jì)算機(jī)版的生物多樣性，叫做網(wǎng)絡(luò)多樣性。

科學(xué)家們目前正在研究各種方法，自動(dòng)和隨意地稍微更改一下軟件而不會(huì)改變整體的功能。對(duì)于像我們一樣的用戶來(lái)說(shuō)，電腦看起來(lái)都一樣，但是黑客會(huì)把它們作為逐項(xiàng)給予的根據(jù)。

事實(shí)上，病毒會(huì)變異。這就是為什么流感每年都發(fā)生。就像黑客一樣。盡管如此，國(guó)家科學(xué)基金還是投資了75萬(wàn)美元在網(wǎng)絡(luò)多樣性的研究上。認(rèn)為它發(fā)展的速度很快。