英語(yǔ)聽力文摘677 高跟鞋與腳部承受壓力的秘密

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In physics, pressure depends on the amount of force acting on a surface and on the size of the surface. The smaller the surface, the greater the pressure. Let’s say that a woman steps on your toe; she weighs 120 pounds. If she’s wearing flat shoes, you would feel the force of 120 pounds spread out over the whole heel of the shoe, maybe around 4 square inches. So the pressure would be 120 divided by 4, or 30 pounds per square inch.

But when she steps on you with a high heel, the whole 120 pounds of force is concentrated on a heel that is maybe one eighth of one square inch in area. Now the pressure of her step is eight times as much, or 240 pounds per square inch instead of 30 pounds per square inch. Of course, it hurts more.

It works the other way, too. Spiked heels are painful to wear because your weight is all on the spike and the ball of the foot; therefore, the pressure is much greater on these points than in running shoes, where your weight is spread out over the whole bottom of the foot.

壓力之下

物理學(xué)上，壓力大小取決于作用在表面力的大小和表面積大小。表面積越小，承受的力越大。假設(shè)一個(gè)重120磅的女人踩到你腳趾了。如果她穿的是平底鞋，你會(huì)感到120磅的壓力分散到鞋子的整個(gè)根部，大概4平方英寸。所以120磅的壓力平均分為4份，或者每平方英寸30磅的力。

但如果她穿的是高跟鞋，整個(gè)120磅的力集中在或許只有八分之一英寸大小的鞋跟上。她踩下去的壓力也是8倍之多，或者說(shuō)240磅每平方英寸而不是30磅每平方英寸。當(dāng)然，這更痛。

同理，穿細(xì)高跟鞋是痛苦的，因?yàn)槟愕闹亓咳珘涸谠诩?xì)跟和腳趾球上。因此，壓力在這些點(diǎn)上要比重量被分散在整個(gè)腳底的跑鞋大很多。