2017年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯答案逐句解析-華山（網(wǎng)友版）

原文：

華山位于華陰市，距西安120公里。華山是秦嶺的一部分，秦嶺不僅分隔陜南與陜北，也分隔華南與華北。與從前人們常去朝拜的泰山不同，華山過(guò)去很少有人光臨。因?yàn)樯仙降牡缆窐O其危險(xiǎn)。然而，希望長(zhǎng)壽的人卻經(jīng)常上山，因?yàn)樯缴仙L(zhǎng)著許多藥草，特別是一些稀有的藥草。自上世紀(jì)90年代安裝纜車以來(lái)，參觀人數(shù)大大增加。

解析：

這段話可以分為六個(gè)句子。

【第一句】華山位于華陰市，距西安120公里。

這句話的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于“位于”，當(dāng)然用be in這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)也沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，但是如果能用be located in或者be situated in會(huì)更準(zhǔn)確。華山，可以翻譯成Mount Hua，也可以翻譯成Huashan Mountain。離某地的距離，可以用away from，或者只用一個(gè)from。關(guān)于西安這個(gè)地名的翻譯，需要記住標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的寫法是Xi’an或者Xi’An。

這句話可以翻譯為：

Mount Hua is located in Huayin City. It is 120 km away from Xi’an.

更高級(jí)的翻譯是：

Located in the City of Huayin, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers from Xi’an.

【第二句】華山是秦嶺的一部分，秦嶺不僅分隔陜南與陜北，也分隔華南與華北。

這句話里首先要注意的還是幾個(gè)地理名詞的翻譯。秦嶺，是the Qinling Mountains，或者the Qin Mountains。作為一條山脈的名字，準(zhǔn)確的翻譯方法應(yīng)該是the XX Mountains。陜南和陜北的翻譯中，要注意“陜西”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)翻譯是Shaanxi而不是Shanxi(山西)，這個(gè)在滬江網(wǎng)校四級(jí)課程的詞匯課中有提到。“不僅 … 也 …”可以用not only …… but also這樣的句型。

這句話可以翻譯為：

Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi, but also China.

更高級(jí)的翻譯是：

Mount Hua is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate Northern Shaanxi and Southern Shaanxi, but divide China into Northern and Southern parts.

【第三句】與從前人們常去朝拜的泰山不同，華山過(guò)去很少有人光臨。

【第四句】因?yàn)樯仙降牡缆窐O其危險(xiǎn)。

這兩句話因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)明顯的因果關(guān)系，所以可以放在一起進(jìn)行解析。

“朝拜”，是一個(gè)在四級(jí)翻譯中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞匯，worship。當(dāng)然如果這個(gè)“朝拜”翻不出來(lái)的話，可以直接說(shuō)“去泰山”。而泰山的翻譯，規(guī)則和華山類似，可以寫Mount Tai或者Taishan Mountain。

這兩句話可以翻譯為：

It was different from Mount Tai, where people often went in the past. Few people went to Mount Hua in the past because the road to the top was very dangerous.

更高級(jí)的翻譯是：

Unlike the widely worshipped Mount Tai, Mount Hua was rarely visited owing to the dangerous paths to the top.

【第五句】然而，希望長(zhǎng)壽的人卻經(jīng)常上山，因?yàn)樯缴仙L(zhǎng)著許多藥草，特別是一些稀有的藥草。

“長(zhǎng)壽”，這個(gè)單詞在滬江網(wǎng)校的寫作翻譯考前公開(kāi)課上由Lilian老師說(shuō)到過(guò)，作為一個(gè)名詞是longevity。“藥草”的翻譯也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，medical herbs，而不能用grass這個(gè)詞。這句話中的“然而”，處理成however就可以了。

這句話可以翻譯為：

However, people who wish a long life often go up to the mountain because many herbs grow there, especially some rare ones.

更高級(jí)的翻譯是：

However, those who longed for longevity visited Mount Hua on a regular basis because there were numerous medical herbs, particularly the scarce.

【第六句】自上世紀(jì)90年代安裝纜車以來(lái)，參觀人數(shù)大大增加。

纜車的英文翻譯是cable car。“自 …… 以來(lái)”，在翻譯的時(shí)候應(yīng)該處理成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

這句話可以翻譯為：

The number of tourists has been greatly increased since the installation of cable cars in 1990s.

更高級(jí)的翻譯是：

There has been an increase in the number of travelers since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.

全文翻譯：

【基礎(chǔ)版】

Mount Hua is located in Huayin City. It is 120 km away from Xi’an. Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi, but also China. It was different from Mount Tai, where people often went in the past. Few people went to Mount Hua in the past because the road to the top was very dangerous. However, people who wish a long life often go up to the mountain because many herbs grow there, especially some rare ones. The number of tourists has been greatly increased since the installation of cable cars in 1990s.

【進(jìn)階版】

Located in the City of Huayin, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers from Xi’an. Mount Hua is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate Northern Shaanxi and Southern Shaanxi, but divide China into Northern and Southern parts. Unlike the widely worshipped Mount Tai, Mount Hua was rarely visited owing to the dangerous paths to the top. However, those who longed for longevity visited Mount Hua on a regular basis because there were numerous medical herbs, particularly the scarce. There has been an increase in the number of travelers since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.