雅思寫作基礎(chǔ)句型分析之定語從句

　　定語從句綜述：

　　在雅思寫作這種半書面英語中，定語從句既可以修飾一個名詞或部分代詞，也可以修飾其前面整句話(這個時候定語從句謂語從句必須是單數(shù)哦，而且引導(dǎo)詞必須是“，which”)。

　　比如：Anything which encourages language learning benefits society culturally and economically. 任何鼓勵外語學(xué)習(xí)的事情有利于社會的文化和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。這句話中的which 修飾不定代詞anything。

　　再如：children spend much time watching TV,which gives rises to many health problems like obesity and poor eyesight.小孩花大量時間看電視，這樣會引起很多健康問題，比如肥胖癥以及視力下降。這里的which就在修飾其面整句話(children spend much time watching TV.)

　　改造定語從句的3大方法：

　　但是這樣的句子在大部分的學(xué)員作文中出現(xiàn)的比較多，那怎么樣讓屌絲定語從句逆襲呢。其實有多種方法，今天我們先介紹大家容易掌握的3個方法。

　　1：如果定語從句修飾名詞，而且定語從句的謂語動詞是be動詞，也就是N 關(guān)系代詞BE 形式，這個時候我們可以把關(guān)系代詞+be動詞省略

　　比如：

　　A vast majority of people who are invited to the party are well-known scientists.

　　我們就可以把who are省略，改為：A vast majority of people invited to the party are well-known scientists.

　　這樣我們就把原來普通的定語從句做定語改為了過去分詞(非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)的一種)做定語，而分詞在書面英語中是一種常用而且比較書面的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，所以建議想考6分以上的烤鴨們多多使用。

　　Employees who are from rural areas will confronted with many problems in major cities.(定語從句做定語)

　　Employees from rural areas will confronted with many problems in major cities.(介詞短語做定語)

　　The number of students who cannot attend university is decreasing.

　　The number of students who are unable to have access to tertiary education is decreasing.

　　The number of students unable to have access to tertiary education is decreasing.(形容詞短語做后置定語)

　　再比如：

　　Television which has been as one of the most fascinating inventions in the 20th century is now penetrating into every family.

　　Television, one of the most fascinating inventions in the 20th century, is now penetrating into every family.(同位語)

　　所以當(dāng)作文中有多出類似的定語從句時，我們可以省略關(guān)系代詞be動詞或者把實意動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為be動詞之后再省略，這樣作文中就可以出現(xiàn)其他語法結(jié)構(gòu)做定語，例如非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞短語，形容詞短語，或同位語，而不單單是定語從句。那這樣句型是不是就多樣化了呢?

　　2：如果出現(xiàn)“名詞關(guān)系代詞實意動詞”，這個時候我們可以替換為：n doing sth 形式。

　　比如：

　　Education, which helps children develop their thinking and accumulate their knowledge , is a deciding factor of one's success.

　　Education,helping children develop their thinking and accumulate their knowledge , is a deciding factor of one's success.

　　We told them they were the victims who deserved sympathy the most.

　　We told them they were the victims deserving sympathy the most

　　3:如果作文中出現(xiàn)了“，which”修飾其前面整句話的時候怎么改呢?

　　A-非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語: SVO, (thus)doing sth

　　B-概括性同位語: SVO，a/an 概括性名詞that SVO

　　比如剛才提到的例句：

　　children spend much time watching TV,which gives rises to many health problems like obesity and poor eyesight.

　　children spend much time watching TV, giving rises to many health problems like obesity and poor eyesight.

　　children spend much time watching TV,a bad habit that gives rises to many health problems like obesity and poor eyesight.