battle[5bAt(E)l] n. [C,U]戰(zhàn)斗;戰(zhàn)役:be wounded in battle在戰(zhàn)役中受傷 / He was killed in the battle. 他在戰(zhàn)斗中陣亡。
battleground[5bAt(E)l^raJnd] n. [C,U]戰(zhàn)場:a political battleground 政治斗爭場所
bay[beI] n. 1. [C]灣;海灣:the Bay Bengal孟加拉灣 / The village overlooks a quiet little bay. 從這村子可以看見一個幽靜的小海灣。2. [C]月桂樹:
BC[7bi:5si:] (Before Christ 的縮寫) n.公元前
【用法】參見 AD。
be[bi:] (was, were, been)v.1.是:They are college students. 他們是大學生。2.(表示位置、時間等)是:Where is he? 他在哪里? / The party is on Sunday. 聚會將在星期天舉行。3.在,存在:There are some people outside. 有些人在外面。4.(用于完成時態(tài))去過:Have you ever been to Beijing? 你去過北京沒有? v.aux.1. (用于進行時態(tài))正在:She is singing. 她在唱歌。2. (用于被動語態(tài))被:This work is done by girls. 這種活兒是姑娘們做的。3. (表示意圖、目的)準備,應(yīng)該:We’re to be married in June. 我們將在六月結(jié)婚。
beach[bi:tF] n. [C]海濱,海灘:take a walk along the beach 沿海濱散步 / The hotel is within easy reach of the beach. 這家旅館離海濱很近。
【辨析】beach, coast, shore, seashore 與 seaside:1. beach 指“海岸”,主要指接近海水較為平坦的地方,通常指漲潮時有水,退潮時無水的部分,其上往往覆蓋有沙子或碎石(而不是泥土),適合于游泳、日光浴或??啃〈龋篧e basked ourselves on the beach of Xinghai Park. 我們在星海公園的海灘上曬太陽。2. coast 指“海岸”、“海岸線”等,屬地理用詞,它主要指遠處看到的海洋與陸地的分界線,或把這一分界線當作一個整體來看待(通常只能指“海岸”,不指湖岸或河岸):They lived about 10 miles from the coast. 他們住在離海大約 10 英里的地方。3. shore 指水與陸地交界的“岸”(如海岸、湖岸、河岸等),是一個較為籠統(tǒng)的說法,既可以包括 beach,也可以指突?;蚨盖偷陌哆叄休^強烈的與“水”相對的意味。4. 當人們側(cè)重把“海岸”或“海濱”作為游玩的地方來考慮時,就用 seashore 或 seaside:We’ll spend the vacation at the seaside. 我們將到海濱度假。
beam[bi:m] n.1. [C]梁,橫梁:a cross beam 大梁2. [C]秤桿3. [C]光束:We enjoy seeing the glorious beams of the rising sun. 我們喜歡觀賞初升太陽的燦爛光輝。
bean[bi:n] n. [C]豆,豆科植物:baked beans 烘豆子 / coffee beans 咖啡豆
bean curd n.豆腐
bear[beE] vt.(bore, borne) 1.生育;結(jié)果:She bore three children. 她生了三個孩子。/ The peach trees are going to bear well this year. 今年桃樹結(jié)果會很多。2. 承受,負擔,承擔:I doubt if that chair will bear your weight. 我懷疑那把椅子是否承受得了你的體重。3. 忍受;容忍:He bore the pain bravely. 他勇敢地強忍著痛苦。n. [C]熊:a polar bear北極熊◆bear oneself 舉止 / bear on [upon] 壓迫;與…有關(guān) / bear out 證實,證明 / bear up 支持,忍耐 / bear with 容忍,忍受
beard[bIEd] n. [C,U](下巴上的)胡須:grow a beard 留胡子◆beard the lion in his den 入虎穴取虎子;太歲頭上動土
beast[bi:st] n.1. [C]野獸;牲畜:wild beasts 野獸 2. [C]兇殘的人(物);惹人討厭的人:Don’t be a beast. 不要做一個使人討厭的人。
beat[bi:t] v. (beat, beaten) 1.連續(xù)地敲打;跳動:The rain was beating against the windows. 雨正敲打著窗戶。2.打敗,勝過:You can’t beat me at that game. 比那個你可贏不了我。n. [C](音樂)節(jié)拍,節(jié)奏:music with a strong beat 節(jié)奏強烈的音樂◆beat about the bush 拐彎抹角地說,東拉西扯 / beat back [off] 擊退 / beat down 打倒 / Can you beat it [that] ! 竟有這種事!
【辨析】1.beat 與 win:參見 win。2.beat 與 defeat:兩者用作動詞都可表示“打敗”、“戰(zhàn)勝”、“擊敗”等,常可互換,只是 defeat 比 beat 更正式,其后的賓語通常是比賽或戰(zhàn)斗的對手:She beat [defeated] me at swimming. 她游泳勝過了我。/ England needed to beat Germany to get to the final. 英格蘭隊需要打敗德國隊才能進入決賽。3.beat, hit 與 strike:參見 hit。
beautiful[5bju:tIfEl] adj.美的,美麗的,美觀的:a beautiful painting美麗的圖畫 / She is very beautiful. 她長得很美。
【辨析】beautiful 與 pretty:1. beautiful 表示“美”,可用于人或事物。用于人時,通常只用于形容女性或小孩,一般不用于男性。它表示的“美”主要指能“給感官以極大的快樂的美”,它側(cè)重從客觀上表明一種接近理想狀態(tài)的美,語氣很強:The west lake is famous for its beautiful scenery. 西湖以風景優(yōu)美著稱。/ She is a beautiful girl. 她是個美麗的女孩。2. pretty 語氣較 beautifal 弱,側(cè)重“嬌小的”,一般用于小孩或青年女子, 指女性“適度的美”,含有“溫柔、纖巧,從而使人產(chǎn)生美感”之意;用于小孩時,指“漂亮可愛的”;用于事物時,指“精致美好的”:She looks very pretty in that new skirt. 她穿那條新裙子很好看。/ They have a pretty daughter. 他們有個漂亮的女兒。/ The girl is not very beautiful, but she looks pretty when she smiles. 這女孩其實長得并不美,但笑起來很好看。
beauty[5bju:tI] n.1.[U]美,美麗:The beauty of the music brought tears to her eyes. 優(yōu)美的音樂使她眼中充滿淚花。2.[C]美人;美好的事物:His mother was a great beauty. 他母親當年是個大美人。
because[bI5kRz] conj.因為:Some people eat not because they are hungry, but for the pleasure of it. 有些人吃東西并不是因為肚子餓,而是為了享受。【辨析】1.because, as, for 與 since:參見 as。2.because 與 because of:because 是連詞,其后接句子;because of 是復合介詞,其后接名詞、代詞、動名詞、what 從句等:We went there by bus because it was cheaper. 我們是乘公共汽車去那里的,因為更便宜。/ The game was cancelled because of the rain. 因為下雨比賽取消了。注:because of 之后可接 what 從句,但不能接 that 從句或沒有引導詞的句子。
become[bI5kQm] v. (became, become) 1.變得;成為:She has become a doctor. 她已成為一名醫(yī)生。2.適合,相稱:The new suit becomes you. 這套新衣適合你。
【用法】1. 用作連系動詞,其后可接名詞、形容詞、過去分詞等作表語。2. 其后一般不接不定式,如“他開始對數(shù)學感興趣了。”不能說:He became to be interested in maths. 而說:He became interested in maths. 3. become 是非延續(xù)性動詞,其現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定式不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。如“她當了兩年編輯。”不能說:She has become an editor for two years. 而說:She has been an editor for two years. / She became an editor two years ago.
bed[bed] n.1. [C,U]床:a room with two beds 有兩張床的房間 / He is ill and keeps his bed. 他生病了,臥床不起。2. [C]底部,河床;海底:the bed of a river 河床◆ a bed of roses 歡樂安逸的境遇 / change a bed 換被單 / die in one’s bed 病死,壽終正寢 / make the bed 鋪床 / keep [take] to one’s bed 臥病在床
【用法】表示“床”,若指的是具體的一張一張的床,其前通常應(yīng)有冠詞或其他限定詞;若指的是與床有關(guān)的活動如睡覺等,則通常不用冠詞或其他限定詞:It is time for bed. 是睡覺的時候了。/ The room has two beds in it. 這個房間有兩張床。
bedclothes[5bedklEJTz] n.(pl.)鋪蓋(被褥等)
bedroom[5bedru:m] n. [C]寢室,臥室:We sleep in the bedroom. 我們在臥室睡覺。
bee[bi:] n. [C]蜜蜂:as busy as a bee 忙個不停(并以此為樂)
beef[bi:f] n.1. [U]牛肉:a beef steak 炸牛排 / The beef eats well. 這牛肉好吃。2. [U]肌肉;體力:He is lacking in beef. 他體力不夠。
beehive[5bi:haIv] n. [C]蜂箱
beer[bIE(r)] n.1. [U]啤酒:a glass of beer 一杯啤酒2. [C]一杯啤酒;啤酒杯:Two beers, please. 勞駕,來兩杯啤酒。
【用法】作物質(zhì)名詞,指“啤酒”時,為不可數(shù)名詞;指“一杯(瓶、罐、種)啤酒”時,是可數(shù)名詞。
before[bI5fC:(r)] prep.1.(表時間)在…以前:before 12 o’clock 12點鐘以前 / the day before yesterday 前天 2.(表順序、位置)在…前面:He sat just before me. 他就坐在我的前面。/ F comes before G in the alphabet. F 在字母表里排在 G 之前。adv.以前,在前面,在前頭:You should have told me that before. 你早就應(yīng)該告訴我那件事。conj.在…之前:Think well before you decide. 深思熟慮以后你再做決定?!鬮efore long 不久 / long before 很久以前
【辨析】1.before 與 ago:參見 ago。2.before long 與 long before:參見 long。