2020年12月四級閱讀第二套之51-55題，前四道題目都是細節(jié)題，最后一道是主旨題，仔細閱讀的細節(jié)題考察的是定位能力，期間有同義詞替換出現(xiàn)。下面是小編整理的這次四級考試中2020年12月四級閱讀答案分析第二套之51-55的資料，希望大家能通過這次考試正視自己的缺點和不足，日后取得更大的進步。
原文：
Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more and that the trees in them and bigger. What is going on?
Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more and in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.
Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.
The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidised tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees, however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.
51. What is catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays?
A) Rich countries are stripping poor ones of their resources.
B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.
C) Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide.
D) Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation.
52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth?
A) Those that have newly achieved independence.
B) Those that at have the greatest demand for timber
C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.
D) Those that provide enormous government subsidies.
53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?
A) The government’s advocacy.
B) The use of wood for fuel.
C) The favorable climate.
D) The green movement.
54. What account for our increasing desire for forests?
A) Their unique scenic beauty.
B) Their use as fruit plantation.
C) Their capability of improving air quality.
D) Their stable supply of building materials.
55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?
A) Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.
B) It will play a more and more important role in people’s lives.
C) Forest destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down.
D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction.
試題解析：
51.如今引起環(huán)保主義者注意的是什么?
A)富裕國家正在掠奪貧窮國家的資源。
B)許多發(fā)展中國家的森林正在迅速減少。
C)森林正在侵蝕世界各地肥沃的農(nóng)田。
D)富裕國家在解決森林砍伐問題上做得很少。
[試題類型] B細節(jié)題
[解題思路] 根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞environmentalists’ attention定位首段第一第二句，第二句表明“南美與非洲大面積森林減少”，這正是吸引環(huán)保主義者的原因。該段中提到的巴西與剛果均為發(fā)展中國家，故B選項符合題意。
52. 哪些國家的森林增長最快?
A)那些剛剛獨立的國家。
B)那些木材需求量最大的國家。
C)那些過去森林覆蓋率最低的國家。
D)那些提供巨額政府補貼的國家。
[試題類型] C 細節(jié)題
[解題思路] 根據(jù)題干fastest forest growth定位到第二段第1句，該句中places與主句的countries是同義替換，that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾places，定語從句提到rather few trees “幾乎沒有樹木”，即森林覆蓋率很低，只有C項提到森林覆蓋率，故C項正確;第二段第2句至第7句列舉了西班牙、希臘、意大利、美國、澳大利亞和愛爾蘭等國家曾經(jīng)森林面積較少，現(xiàn)在增長得很快，更加佐證了這一觀點。
53. 歷史上是什么促進了森林面積增長?
A)政府的倡導(dǎo)。
B)使用木材作為燃料。
C)有利的氣候。
D)綠色運動。
[試題類型] A 細節(jié)題
[解題思路] 根據(jù)題干中forest和historically定位到第三段第5句。定位句中提到governments have protected and promoted forests, 其中promoted與encourages是同義替換，可知政府保護促進了森林的面積增長，故A正確;
54. 什么導(dǎo)致了我們對森林日益增長的需求?
A)他們獨特的風景美。
B)用作水果種植園。
C)他們改善空氣質(zhì)量的能力。
D)他們有穩(wěn)定的建筑材料供應(yīng)。
[試題類型] C 細節(jié)題
[解題思路] 根據(jù)題干信息increasing, desire和 forests定位到第三段第6句;account for “解釋”，前面表原因，與定位句的because對應(yīng)，because后面跟原因，故答案在because后，because后面提到they suck in carbon pollution from the air, 即“他們吸收空氣中的碳污染”，可知森林可以凈化空氣，C項是對該原文信息的同義改寫，故C項正確;
55. 關(guān)于造林的前景，作者得出了什么結(jié)論?
A)撒哈拉以南非洲的沙漠將逐漸減少。
B)它在人們的生活中扮演越來越重要的角色。
C)發(fā)展中國家的森林破壞將迅速放緩。
D)發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家正朝著相反的方向發(fā)展。
[試題類型] D 主旨題
[解題思路] 第一段第3句和第4句提到But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger... they指代forests森林，即“但是在西部的發(fā)達國家森林的發(fā)展狀況也正在改變，正在不斷增長”;第二段第1句提到Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, “森林正在幾乎所有的西方國家增長”;第三段提到Two things are fertilising this growth. The first... The second...; this 指代第二段森林面積的增長;第三段解釋面積增長的原因;最后一段第第5句中出現(xiàn)however, 表轉(zhuǎn)折，即否定前述內(nèi)容，故轉(zhuǎn)折后是重點句，最后一段第6句The growth “增長”，deforestation，de- 表“向下”，故The growth of Western forests 與 deforestation意思相反，對應(yīng)選項D中的opposition direction;developed and developing countries 對應(yīng)all Western countries;故D項正確;
