2022年6月大學(xué)英語四級閱讀真題以及答案（一）

英語四級閱讀，作為大學(xué)英語能力的重要評估指標(biāo)，不僅檢驗(yàn)了學(xué)生對詞匯、語法的掌握，更考察了其閱讀理解和信息篩選的能力。在全球化背景下，提升這一能力對于拓寬視野、增進(jìn)跨文化交流至關(guān)重要。今天，小編將分享2022年6月大學(xué)英語四級閱讀真題以及答案（卷一），希望能為大家提供幫助！

Section A

Directions: In this section,there is a passage with ten blamks.You are required to select one word for each blamk from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefiully before making your choices,Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter.Please mark the correspondng letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not wse any of the words in the bank more tham once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based onthe following passage.

You might think ofyour teeth as tools,like built-in knives and forks,but if they are mere tools,why dothey feel pain and wouldn't it be better ifthey could just  26  under any condition?In spite of our  27  discomfort,it turns out there's a good reason our teeth are so sensitive.Tooth pain is a  28  mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged we'll notice and do something about it.

If we eat somethingtoo hot or too cold,or if the tooth is worn down enough where the tissue  29  is exposed,all of those things cause pain,and then the pain causes the person not to use that tooth to try to protect it a little bit more.So it's really a protective mechanism more than anything else.If teeth didn't feel pain,we might  30  to use them in situations that damage them,and for humans,damaging  31  teeth is a problem because,unlike crocodiles,we can't  32  them.

Teeth have three layers,only one of which-the innermost layer of the tooth-can hurt,as that layer of the tooth  33  both blood vessels and nerves.Pain is the only feeling to which the nerves in that layer respond.Where as people with tooth sensitivity may complain, for example,of tooth pain  34  by heat orcold,the nerves in the innerlayer don't sense temperature.Rather,they feel pain,which may be  35  with,say,drinking something very cold.

A)adult

B)associated

C)chew

D)contains

E)continue

F)defense

G)dental

H)downward

I)emotional

J)implies

K)mammal

L)replace

M)swallow

N)triggered

O)underneath

答案解析

26.C)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：如果它們在任何情況下都能_____不是更好嗎？根據(jù)上文可知，空格所在句的主語they指的是teeth。結(jié)合語境、常識以及備選的動(dòng)詞原形可知，本空應(yīng)填入含有“咀嚼”意義的動(dòng)詞原形，由此確定答案為C)chew。備選的動(dòng)詞原形中，E)continue和L)replace不符合句意，而M)swallow“吞下，咽下”不是牙齒的功能，因此均可排除。

27.G)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：盡管我們的_____不舒服，事實(shí)證明我們的牙齒如此敏感是有原因的。由our teeth are so sensitive可知，discomfort指的是“牙齒”不舒服，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“牙齒”意義的形容詞或名詞，由此確定答案為G)dental。

28.F)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：牙痛是一種_____機(jī)制，確保當(dāng)牙齒受損時(shí)，我們會(huì)注意到并采取措施。由此可知，牙痛是一種“防御”機(jī)制，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“防御”意義的名詞，由此確定答案為F)defense。

29.O)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：牙齒因?yàn)楸荒p得太多而導(dǎo)致_____組織暴露在外面。結(jié)合常識可知，牙齒被磨損得太多之后，“下面的”組織就會(huì)暴露在外面，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“下面”意義的詞，由此確定答案為O)underneath。

30.E)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：如果牙齒感覺不到疼痛，我們可能會(huì)在損害牙齒的情況下_____使用它們。上一句已經(jīng)說明牙痛是一種保護(hù)機(jī)制，在感到牙痛時(shí)我們就不再使用那顆牙齒了。本句是一個(gè)假設(shè)，即如果牙齒感受不到疼痛，那我們就會(huì)“繼續(xù)”使用牙齒，這樣會(huì)傷害牙齒。因此，本空應(yīng)填入含有“繼續(xù)”意義的動(dòng)詞原形，由此確定答案為E)continue。

31.A)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：對人類來說，損害_____牙齒是一個(gè)問題。由常識可知，人的一生總共有乳牙和恒牙兩副牙齒。乳牙會(huì)被恒牙替換，但是恒牙脫落后不能再生，因此恒牙受損就比較嚴(yán)重了。恒牙就是成熟的牙，因此，本空應(yīng)填入表達(dá)“成熟的”意義的詞，由此確定答案為A)adult。

32.L)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：對人類來說，損害成熟的牙齒是一個(gè)問題，因?yàn)槲覀儾荒芟聍{魚那樣_____它們。由常識可知，損壞成熟的牙齒是一個(gè)問題，因?yàn)槿祟悷o法自然“替換”成熟的牙齒，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“替換”意義的動(dòng)詞原 形，由此確定答案為L)replace。

33.D)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：牙齒包括三層，只有其中一層——牙齒最內(nèi)層—-會(huì)感到疼痛， 因?yàn)檠例X那一層_____血管和神經(jīng)。由常識可知，牙齒會(huì)感到疼痛是因?yàn)椤昂小鄙窠?jīng)，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“包含，含有”意義的動(dòng)詞，由此確定答案為D)contains。

34.N)【語義判斷】空格所在句的意思是：牙齒敏感的人可能會(huì)抱怨諸如由熱或冷_____牙痛。由常識可知，對牙齒敏感的人來說，太熱或太冷的東西容易“引起”牙痛，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“引起”意義的動(dòng)詞-ed 形式，由此確定答案為N)triggered 。 備選的動(dòng)詞-ed 形式中，B)associated不符合此處語境，而且通常與with 連用，因此排除。

35.B)【語義判斷】由前一句可知，牙齒內(nèi)層的神經(jīng)不會(huì)感受到溫度，它們感受到的是“與異常溫度有關(guān)的”疼痛。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入含有“有關(guān)”意義的 詞，由此確定答案為B)associated。be associated with...意為“與……有關(guān)的”。

Section B

Directions: In this section,you are going to read apassage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.ldentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more tham once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondng leter on Answer Sheet 2.

How to determine if a company is a good fit for you

A)On paper,the job seemed perfect for me:The position was completely in line with my degree,the duties and responsibilities were compatible with my interests,and the office maintaineda well-stockedkitchen that would satisfy my every snack desire

B)Sounds like my dream job,right?There was only one small problem:I simply didn't get along with the company culture.They favored a more rigid,closed-door,corporate atmosphere,while I would havepreferred something morecollaborative and open.They were complete clock watchers,while Iwould have likeda more flexible  schedule.To put it plainly,we just weren't on the same page

C)When it comes to looking for a new job,you already know that a big part of the interview process involves the company evaluating whether or not you're a good fit for their open role.But,it's important to keep in mind that the employer isn't the only one who needs to identify a good match you should be looking for that same exact thing. Company culture can have a big impact on how you feel about your work,so you want to make sure you sign an offer letter with an organization you're truly excited about

D)However,figuring out what a company is like before you actually work there can be a bit of a challenge.Luckily,there are a few things you can do to determine whether or not a company is a good fit for you—before you ever sign your name on that dotted line.

E)Firstof all,know whatyouwant.It's hard to make any decisionswhen you don't really knowwhat you're looking for.So before you can determine whetheryou and a specific company would be compatible together,it's important to have a solid handle on what exactly you want from your employer.Many of us have an easier time identifying the things that we absolutely don't want.If thoseare the only things you can think of,don't worry!That's still a good place to start.

F)Start by writing down the things you didn't like about previous employers,as well as the parts you really valued.There's no wrong answer here—so from big things to small details,write themall down on your list.This will help you immediately identify what you're looking for in an organization,as well as the things you're trying to stay far,far away from.

G)Make sure to do your research.Now comes the partwhen you put onyour detective hat and do a little  digging.The Internet will be your best friend when you're trying to familiarize yourself with a company's culture before ever walking through their office doors.And where exactly should you look for these culture clues?Start with the most obvious place first:the company's website.Read through their copy and blog.Do they  use formal,direct language?Or is itcasual,conversational,and maybe even a little humorous?This can be a big indicator of what sort of atmosphere the company is trying to cultivate.

H)Next,turn your attention toward their social media outlets.Are they sharing photos of their team's Thursday afternoonbarbeque or Halloween costume contest?Or are their social media accounts strictly reserved for company-related announcements and product launches?

I)An industry review website like Glassdoor is another spot to check in orderto find some insider information about what you can expect about a company.However remember to take the reviews you read with a grain of salt-many of them are written by scorned(被鄙視的)employees

J)Finally,you can never fail with personal connections.Send a quick message to a current or previous company  employee on LinkedIn or by email and ask if they would be willing to have a quick conversation with you about the organization in general.If you get a yes to your request for a chat,you'll be armed with some pretty powerful and helpful information heading into your interview!

K)Learn more by asking questions.You know that part atthe end of a job interview when the hiring manager asks if you have any questions,and you just stare across the table blankly with your mouth hanging open?That's the perfect opportunity to speak up and get your burning company culture questionsanswered!So yes,you can  definitely ask your interviewer about what it's like to work for that particular organization.Simple questions  like,“What three words would you use to describe the culture here?”or “What's your favorite part about working for this company?”can reveal a lot  about what it's really like behind closed doors.

L)Prioritize your values.What does my dream company culture look like?Well,I could come and go as I please,as long as I was getting the work done.My boss would genuinely listen to and value all of my ideas arid suggestions.My co-workers would all be friendly with one another,without ever falling into the office gossip  trap.The kitchen wouldhave endlessoptions of pizza and cookies.Oh,and they'd give me two months of paidvacation witha very generoussalary.

M)What are my chances of finding all of those things with one employer?Slim to none—  believe me,I've looked.This is why it's so important to knowwhich aspects of a company's culture you value most.Is it an open communication style or a flexible schedule?Focus on the top spots on your priority list,and ensure a potential employer at least checks those boxes.Unfortunately,this is reality,you can't have everything you want but a few are certainly achievable

N)When you're hunting for anew job,you already know that the employer is trying to decide whether or not you're a good fit for the position.But you should also look at the process through a similar lens.You may not be the one conducting the actual interview  but you're stll trying to determine whether or not the company is a good fit for you.

O)Keepthese tips in mind to figureout whether you and a potential employer are a perfect match or just a recipe(方案)for disaster.After all,it's a good thing to know before actually accepting an offer.

36.Clues about the culture of a company can be found on its website

37.It can be difficult to know the real situation in a company until you become part of it. 

38.It is impossible for a job applicant to have every expectation met

39.Simply by reading its description,the author found thejob offered ideal.

40.Job applicants are advised to make a written list of their likes and dislikes in their previous employment.

41.At the end of an interview,a job applicant should seize the opportunity to get answers to their urgent questions.

42.To begin with,job applicants should be clear what they expect from their future employer.

43.Job applicants should read with a critical eye what is written about a company on the website

44.Job satisfaction has a lot to do with company culture.

45.A chat with an insider of a company can give job applicants very useful information when they prepare for an interview.

答案解析

36.【定位】由題干中的Clues about the culture of a company 和website定位到文章G)段第四、五句。

G)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，你到底應(yīng)該去哪里尋找這些文化線索呢?首先從最明顯的地方開始：公司的網(wǎng)站。題干中的Clues about the cultureof a company和its website分別對應(yīng)定位句中的these culture clues和the company's  website。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故答案為G)。

37.【定位】由題干中的difficult 、real situation 和 became part of it定位到文章D)段第一句。

D)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出，在你實(shí)際去某 個(gè)公司工作之前弄清楚該公司是什么樣子可能是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。題干中的difficult對應(yīng)定位句中的a bit of a challenge,題干中的know the real situation in a company對應(yīng)定位句中的figuring out what a company is like,題干中的 become partof it對應(yīng)定位句中的actually work there。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為D)。

38.【定位】由題干中的impossible和 have every expectation met定位到文章M)段第一、二句。

M)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出，“我”在一個(gè)雇主那里找到所有這些東西的概率有多大?幾乎沒有——相信“我”,“我”已經(jīng)找過了。題干中的impossible 對應(yīng)定位句中的Slim to none,題干中的have every expectation met是對定位句中 finding all of those things with one employer的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的a job applicant對應(yīng)定位句中的I。題干是對定位句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為M)。

39.【定位】由題干中的reading its description、the job offered和ideal定位到文章A)段。

A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位段指出，理論上，這份工作對“我”來說似乎很完美。題干中的reading its description對應(yīng)定位段中的On paper,題干中的the author found the job offered ideal 對應(yīng)定位段中的the job seemed perfect for me。題干是對定位段的歸納總結(jié)，故答案為A)。

40.【定位】由題干中的make a written list 、likes and dislikes和previous employment定位到文章F)段第一、二句。

F) 【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，首先寫下你不喜歡前任雇主的地方，以及你真正看重的部分。這里沒有錯(cuò)誤的答案——所以從大事到小細(xì)節(jié)，把它們都寫在你的清單上。題干中的make a written list對應(yīng)定位句中的writethem all down on your list,題干中的likes anddislikes對應(yīng)定位句中的the parts you really valued和the things you didn't like,題干中的previous employment對應(yīng)定位句中的previous employers。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故答案為F)。

41.【定位】由題干中的At the end of an interview、the opportunity和urgent questions定位到文章K)段第二、三句。

K)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，你知道在面試結(jié)束時(shí)，招聘負(fù)責(zé)人問你有沒有什么問題，你只是張著嘴茫然地盯著桌子對面嗎?這是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)，你可以大聲說出自己的想法，讓招聘負(fù)責(zé)人回答你迫切想了解的企業(yè)文化的問題!題干中的At the end of an interview對應(yīng)定位句中的at the end ofajob interview,題干中的the opportunity to get answers to their urgent questions對應(yīng)定位句中的the perfect opportunity 和get your burning companyculturequestions answered。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故答案為K)。

42.【定位】由題干中的be clear和what they expect定位到文章E)段第三句。

E)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句指出，在你確定自己和某家公司是否合拍之前，先明確你到底想從雇主那里得到什么,這一點(diǎn)很重要。題干中的be clear對應(yīng)定位句中的have a solid handle,題干中的 what they expect from their future employer對應(yīng)定位句中的 what exactly you want from youremployer。題干是對定位句的歸納總結(jié)，故答案為E)。

43.【定位】由題干中的read with a critical eye定位 到文章I)段第二句。

I)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句指出，記住要對你讀 到的評論持保留態(tài)度——其中許多都是由被鄙視的員工寫的。題干中的read with a critical eye what is written about a company.對應(yīng)定位句中的takethe reviews youread with a grain of salt,故 答案為I)。

44.【定位】由題干中的Job satisfaction和company culture定位到文章C)段最后一句。

C) 【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，公司文化會(huì)對你的工作感受產(chǎn)生很大的影響，所以你要確保你是跟真正感興趣的公司簽了聘用函。題干中的Job satisfaction對應(yīng)定位句中的 how you feel about your work,題干中的has a lot to do with對應(yīng)定位句中的have a big impact on,題干中的company culture在定位句中直接出現(xiàn)，故答案為C)。

45.【定位】由題干中的 A chat 、an insider of a company 和useful information定位到文章J)段第二、三句。

J)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，通過LinkedIn或電子郵件給該公司的在職員工或離職員工發(fā)一條簡短的信息，詢問他們是否愿意和你就該公司的總體情況進(jìn)行簡短的交談。如果你的聊天請求得到了同意，你將會(huì)帶著一些非常強(qiáng)大和有用的信息進(jìn)入面試!題干中的A chat在定位句中直接出現(xiàn)，題干中的an insiderof a company 對應(yīng)定位句中的a current or previous company employee, 題干中的very useful information對應(yīng)定位句中的pretty powerful and helpful information。題干是對定位句的總結(jié)，故答案為J)。

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Eachpassageis followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D) You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Online classes began to be popularizedjust a few decades ago.They are advertised as a way for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace —it is far more compatible for people with busy schedules.

Butafterbeing enrolled in anonline course last fall semester,I came to realize online classes were merely a means to fulfil course requirements.

First of all,students lack the desire to learn,and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material

As online courses tend to have more than 100 students,most of theassignments are short and simple.They arenot designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number ofstudents.

Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between the teacher and their students.Live sessions are infrequent and are often scheduled during the middle ofthe day when students have to attend other classes or work.The office hours of the professor may also be during inconvenient times for many students aswell.Most interaction with the professor has tobe through email which is often impersonal.It is nearly impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.

There is also little interaction amongst students.It can be harder for students to create study groups and form relationships with their peers.

Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable internet connection.Not all students  have access to these types of resources,whether it is for financial or other reasons,and some students can be put ata disadvantage.

Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend classroom  sessions.However,they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking.We need restructured online classes in which students can have a leaning experience that will  actually provide quality education.

46.What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes?

A)Theycanaccesscoursematerials easily.

B)They are unmotivated to learn

C)They can learm at their own pace.

D)They rarely fulfil the course requirements.

47.What doesthe author think of online course assignments?

A)They are made convenient to mark.

B)They are meant to facilitate interaction.

C)They are based oneasily accessible material.

D)They are given to accommodate students'needs.

48.What doesthe authorsay isone disadvantageof online classes?

A)They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.

B)They make professors'offices much less accessible

C)They tend to increase professors'burdenof responding to students'emails.

D)Theyprovide little chance for students tobuild relationships with each other.

49.What problem may arise if classes go online?

A)More students may find it easy tobe absent from them.

B)Teachers will worry about poor internet connections.

C)Some students mayhave difficulty attending them.

D)Schools with limited resources will be at a disadvantage.

50.What does the author think constitutes a key part of genuine education? 

A)Acquisition of useful knowledge.

B)Training of real-life skills on campus.

C)Development of students'personalities.

D)Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.

答案解析

46.【定位】由題干中的students enrolled in online classes定位到第二、三段。

B)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。第二段起到承上啟下的作用。第三段指出，學(xué)生缺乏學(xué)習(xí)的欲望，他們只是簡單地完成作業(yè)以獲得及格的分?jǐn)?shù)，而沒有真正參與到課程學(xué)習(xí)中。故正確答案為B)。

47.【定位】由題干中的online course assignments定位到第四段。

A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。第四段第二句提到，這些作業(yè)不是為了讓學(xué)生深入研究學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容而設(shè)計(jì)的，而是為了便于評分，從而容納如此大量的學(xué)生。故正確答案為A)。

48.【定位】由題干中的 one disadvantage of online classes定位到第五段第一句。

D)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句提到，也許參與在線課程的最大缺點(diǎn)是教師和學(xué)生之間缺乏面對面的互動(dòng)。第六段進(jìn)一步指出，學(xué)生之間的互動(dòng)也很少，學(xué)生很難創(chuàng)建學(xué)習(xí)小組并與同齡人建立關(guān)系。故正確答案為D)。

49.【定位】由題干中的classes go online及題文同序原則定位到第七、八段。

C)【精析】推理判斷題。第七段第二句指出，并非所有學(xué)生都能獲得電腦、筆記本和穩(wěn)定的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接， 一些學(xué)生可能會(huì)因?yàn)橐恍┰驘o法參加線上課程。故正確答案為C)。

50.【定位】由題干中的genuine education定位到最 后一段第二句。

D)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到在線課程強(qiáng)調(diào)便利性而不是批判性思維，并不能提供真正的教育。由此可知，D) 中提到的“思辨能力的培養(yǎng)”是真正教育的組成部分。故正確答案為D)。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

In the age of the intemet,there's no such thing as a private debate.But is thatbad for science?Some scientists have had concerns.When debates in any sector move beyond the halls of universities and government agencies,there's potential for information to be used incorrectly,leading to public confusion;yet,open debate can also promote communication between the scientific community and the public.Recent open debates on scientific research,health,and policy have aroused greater public attention and encouraged more diversevoices.If this trend spurs scientists to agree more quickly about the best solutions to our problems-and at the same time helps the public observe the process of scientific discourse more clearly thenthis is good for everyone,including  scientists.

A recent debate published in The New York Times discussed the question of how quickly medicine should be developed and produced.Issues such as safety of the product and perceptionof the public were examined and considered.But some experts worried that such public speculation might lead people to believe that disagreement about the details meant a lack of adequate scientificconsensus over the safety and efficiency ofmodern-day medicine.

The anxiety seems misplaced.Gone are the daysof goingto a conferenceanddebating scientific issues,and that's  good because those gatherings were not diverse enough and excluded many important voices.These days,the public can access debates about science regardless of wherethey take place.

For many scientists,public debateis a new frontier and it may feel like a place with few restraints or rules?but rather than avoiding such conversations,let the debates be transparentand vigorous,wherever they are held.If the public is to understand that science is an honorably self-correcting process,the idea that science is a fixed set of facts in a textbook needs to be dismissed.With the validity of science coming underattack,there's a need for scientific debates to be perceived as open and true to life.Let everyone see the  noisy,messy deliberations that advancescience and lead to decisions that benefit us all.

51.What does the author think open debate can do?

A)Helpthe public to better understand science.

B)Clear up confusion in the scientificcommunity.

C)Settledisputes between universitiesandgovernment agencies.

D)Prevent information from beingused incorrectly by the public.

52.Why did a recent debate published in The New York Times arouse concernsamong experts? 

A)It might hinder theprogressin medical research.

B)It might breed public distrust in modern medicine.

C)It might add to the difficulty of getting research funds

D)It mightprevent medical scientists reaching consensus.

53.Why does the author say some experts'anxiety seems misplaced?

A)Debating scientific issues at a conference isnow old-fashioned.

B)Diverse topics can be debated by both scientists and thepublic.

C)Debates about science are accessible to the public anyway

D)Scientists can voicetheir opinions whatever waythey like.

54.What doesthe author suggestscientists do about public debate?

A)Have more discussions about it.

B)Embrace it with open arms.

C)Formulate new rules for it.

D)Restrain itto a rational degree.

55.What does the author say about science in the lastparagraph?

A)It istransmitted through textbooks.

B)Itis what provesvalid and truetolife.

C)It isa dynamic and self-improving process.

D)It is a collection of facts and established rules.

答案解析

51.【定位】由題干中的open debate定位到第一段第四句。

A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，當(dāng)任何領(lǐng)域的辯論走出了大學(xué)和政府機(jī)構(gòu)的大廳時(shí)，信息就有可能被誤用，導(dǎo)致公共混亂。然而，公開辯論也可以促進(jìn)科學(xué)界和公眾之間的交流。由此可知，公開辯論可以幫助公眾更好地理解科學(xué)，故答案為A)。

52.【定位】由題干中的The New York Times 和 arouse concerns定位到第二段。

B)【精析】推理判斷題。第二段首句介紹這場辯論， 第三句提到一些專家的擔(dān)心：這種公開的猜測可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們認(rèn)為，細(xì)節(jié)上的分歧意味著對現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的安全性和效率缺乏足夠的科學(xué)共識。由此可以推斷，這會(huì)引起公眾對現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)不信任，故答案為B)。

53.【定位】由題干中的some experts'anxiety 和 misplaced定位到第三段。

C)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。第三段首句指出，這種焦慮似乎放錯(cuò)了地方。末句指出，如今，無論有關(guān)科學(xué)的辯論發(fā)生在哪里，公眾都可以接觸到，故答案為C)。

54.【定位】由題干中的scientists、public debate和題文同序原則定位到第四段首句。

B)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到，對許多科學(xué)家來說，公開辯論是一個(gè)新的領(lǐng)域，它可能感覺像是一個(gè)沒有什么限制或規(guī)則的地方，但與其避免這樣的對話，不如讓辯論變得透明和充滿活力，無論辯論在哪里舉行。由此可以推斷，作者支持公開辯論，故答案為B)。

55.【定位】由題干中的the last paragraph定位到最后一段。

C)【精析】推理判斷題。最后一段第二句提到，如果公眾要理解科學(xué)是一個(gè)正大光明的自我糾正的過程，那么,需要摒棄那種認(rèn)為科學(xué)是教科書中一系列固定不變的事實(shí)的觀點(diǎn)。由此可以推斷，科學(xué)是一個(gè)自我完善的過程，故答案為C)。