英語六級攻克閱讀關(guān)鍵句299. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregn

299. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.

譯文　他知道，即便他讓一只狗懷孕，其后代（如果能存活的話）將面臨其他克隆動(dòng)物在出生時(shí)所出現(xiàn)的問題：畸形發(fā)育，如肺部和心臟不完全發(fā)育以及體重問題。

點(diǎn)睛　本句的主干是He knows that...。knows后面的內(nèi)容均為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；該從句中包含even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；should they survive為插入語，是虛擬語氣，因省略了if而引起倒裝，過去分詞短語shown at birth by other cloned animals作定語修飾problems，冒號后的內(nèi)容對其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。

考點(diǎn)歸納　even though和even if均可用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但有細(xì)微區(qū)別。

even if意為“即使；盡管；縱然；就算”，引導(dǎo)的從句往往是假設(shè)性的，有時(shí)還可用于虛擬語氣；此時(shí)even if與單獨(dú)使用的if比較接近。如：

Even if many difficulties remain, we can overcome them. 即使有再多的困難，我們也能克服。

Even if it should snow tomorrow, they will go jogging. 縱使明天下雪，他們也要去跑步。

I would have married him even if he had been penniless.＝I would have married him if he had been penniless. 即使他身無分文，我也會嫁給他。

even though意為“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容往往是真實(shí)的，主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息，相當(dāng)于although，在非正式的情況下可以省略even。如：

(Even) though it is twenty years old, the house is still in good condition. 雖然這棟房子已經(jīng)有20年房齡了，但它的狀況仍舊良好。

I don't want to eat anything, (even) though I am hungry. 盡管我很餓，但我還是不想吃任何東西。

(Even) though Nick was tired, he helped me repair my computer. 盡管尼克累了，但他還是幫我修了電腦。

在實(shí)際語言運(yùn)用中，even if與even though有時(shí)也可不加區(qū)別地混用。如：

Even though/if you do not like your job, you must do it. 即使不喜歡你的工作，你也得做下去。

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