英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)內(nèi)容精選整理：低溫生物學(xué)

英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)無(wú)疑是提升英語(yǔ)能力的重要途徑之一。通過(guò)這一方式，學(xué)習(xí)者不僅能夠有效地鍛煉自己的語(yǔ)言技能，如閱讀理解和詞匯運(yùn)用，還能在實(shí)踐中不斷擴(kuò)充六級(jí)詞匯，深化對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的理解。以下是一個(gè)關(guān)于“低溫生物學(xué)”主題的英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)示例，旨在幫助學(xué)習(xí)者在掌握知識(shí)的同時(shí)，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用的理解和感受。

英文原文

In the realm of obscure scientific pursuits, the study of cryobiology has garnered a unique fascination. It delves into the mysteries of preserving life forms in a state of suspended animation, commonly known as cryopreservation. Researchers in this field aim to unlock the secrets of longevity and even revive organisms from centuries-old ice.

在鮮為人知的科學(xué)探索領(lǐng)域中，低溫生物學(xué)（cryobiology）引起了獨(dú)特的興趣。它深入研究將生命形式保持在一種稱為冷凍保存（cryopreservation）的暫停活動(dòng)狀態(tài)中的奧秘。該領(lǐng)域的研究人員致力于解開(kāi)長(zhǎng)壽的秘密，甚至從數(shù)百年前的冰層中復(fù)活生物體。

One of the most intriguing applications of cryobiology is in the field of space exploration. NASA, for instance, has invested heavily in research aimed at protecting astronauts during long-duration missions by cryopreserving sperm and eggs for potential future reproduction. This not only ensures genetic diversity among future generations of spacefarers but also serves as a backup plan for unforeseen circumstances.

低溫生物學(xué)最引人入勝的應(yīng)用之一在于太空探索領(lǐng)域。例如，美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局（NASA）投入巨資研究如何在長(zhǎng)期任務(wù)中保護(hù)宇航員，方法之一是冷凍保存精子和卵子以供未來(lái)潛在的生育使用。這不僅能確保未來(lái)太空探險(xiǎn)者后代的遺傳多樣性，還作為應(yīng)對(duì)不可預(yù)見(jiàn)情況的備份計(jì)劃。

However, the challenges of cryopreservation are formidable. The process of cooling and thawing life forms can lead to irreparable damage to cells, particularly in complex organisms like mammals. Scientists have been working tirelessly to refine freezing protocols and develop cryoprotectants that minimize damage during the process.

然而，冷凍保存的挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的。冷卻和解凍生命體的過(guò)程可能導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞發(fā)生不可修復(fù)的損傷，特別是在像哺乳動(dòng)物這樣的復(fù)雜生物體中。科學(xué)家們一直在不懈地努力改進(jìn)冷凍協(xié)議，并開(kāi)發(fā)冷凍保護(hù)劑，以最大程度地減少該過(guò)程中的損傷。

Recently, a breakthrough was made in the preservation of tardigrades, microscopic creatures known for their extreme tolerance to harsh environments. Researchers successfully cryopreserved tardigrades for over 30 years and then revived them, marking a significant step towards long-term storage of complex life.

最近，在保存水熊蟲(chóng)方面取得了突破。水熊蟲(chóng)是已知對(duì)極端環(huán)境有極高耐受性的微小生物。研究人員成功地將水熊蟲(chóng)冷凍保存了30多年，并隨后使其復(fù)活，這標(biāo)志著在復(fù)雜生命的長(zhǎng)期保存方面邁出了重要一步。

問(wèn)題

1.What is the main focus of cryobiology?

A) The study of astronomy.

B) The preservation of life forms in a state of suspended animation.

C) The exploration of deep sea creatures.

D) The development of new medical treatments.

2.Why is NASA interested in cryopreservation of sperm and eggs?

A) To study the effects of radiation on genetic material.

B) To ensure genetic diversity among future space travelers' offspring.

C) To create a new species adapted to space.

D) To use as food for astronauts during long missions.

3.What is a major challenge in the process of cryopreservation?

A) The cost of equipment.

B) The limited availability of cryoprotectants.

C) The potential damage to cells during cooling and thawing.

D) The lack of knowledge about ancient life forms.

4.What achievement was made in the preservation of tardigrades?

A) They were discovered to be immune to radiation.

B) They were successfully cryopreserved for over 30 years and revived.

C) Their genome was fully sequenced.

D) They were used as models for studying aging.

答案解析

1.答案: B

解析： 文中第一段明確提到，低溫生物學(xué)（cryobiology）的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容是“preserving life forms in a state of suspended animation, commonly known as cryopreservation”（將生命形式保持在一種稱為冷凍保存的暫停活動(dòng)狀態(tài)中）。

2.答案: B

解析： 第二段提到，NASA對(duì)冷凍保存精子和卵子感興趣，是為了“ensure genetic diversity among future generations of spacefarers”（確保未來(lái)太空探險(xiǎn)者后代的遺傳多樣性）。

3.答案: C

解析： 第三段指出，“The process of cooling and thawing life forms can lead to irreparable damage to cells”（冷卻和解凍生命體的過(guò)程可能導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞發(fā)生不可修復(fù)的損傷）。

4.答案: B

解析： 第四段明確指出，“Researchers successfully cryopreserved tardigrades for over 30 years and then revived them”（研究人員成功地將水熊蟲(chóng)冷凍保存了30多年，并隨后使其復(fù)活）。這是關(guān)于水熊蟲(chóng)保存方面取得的重大成就。其他選項(xiàng)如A項(xiàng)“它們被發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)輻射免疫”、C項(xiàng)“它們的基因組被完全測(cè)序”和D項(xiàng)“它們被用作研究衰老的模型”在文中均未提及。

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