大學(xué)英語四級翻譯必備句型：強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　強(qiáng) 調(diào) 句

　　第一步：四級精彩套句展示

　　It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道…)

　　這是一個在四級作文里面用來闡述觀點(diǎn)的經(jīng)典句型，用詞也很出色。

　　It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。

　　It is…that + 句子…構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(The Emphatic Pattern)

　　英語常用的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+ who(that)…”。一般說來，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時，用who;指事物時，用that;在美國英語中指事物時常用which來代替that。

　　與之類似的常用句型還有：

　　It is conceivable that + 句子(可想而知的)

　　It is obvious that + 句子(明顯的)

　　It is apparent that + 句子(顯然的)

　　It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知識在我們的一生中扮演一個重要的角色。

　　第二步：語法精講

　　1. 簡介

　　(1) 一般情況用It is (was)…that (who)…，指人時，用who;指物時，用that。

　　我們分別可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、表語、時間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語等。如：

　　He read three books in the library yesterday.(正常句子)

　　It was he who read three books in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)

　　It was three books that he read in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語)

　　It was in the library that he read three books yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語)

　　(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語或定語時，只用that，不用when、where，如：

　　It is at 5 o’clock that the train will arrive.

　　(3) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是主語時，注意句子的謂語動詞和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。如：

　　It is he who is late.

　　It is they who were late.

　　(4) 一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句為“Is (was) it + that…?”;特殊疑問句為：“特殊疑問詞+ is (was) +it +that…?”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

　　Was it ten years ago that his father died?(他的父親是十年前去世的嗎?)

　　When is it that you will set off?(你到底什么時候出發(fā)?)

　　(5)“not…until…”句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is not until…that…”應(yīng)注意把否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到until前面。如：

　　I didn’t go home until the rain stopped.(直到雨停了我才回家)。

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句為：It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.

　　I didn’t know the news until yesterday.(直到昨天我才知道那個消息)

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句為：It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.

　　2. 四級必考套句學(xué)習(xí)

　　(1) It is the responsibility of to do sth.

　　【分析】注意，從形式上看該句子很像強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，而實(shí)際上并非如此，因?yàn)榫渲衖t是形式主語，動詞不定式作實(shí)際主語。

　　It is the responsibility of every citizen in our society to do his utmost to protect the environment.

　　(2) It is the , I suppose, that havehas given rise to .

　　【分析】該強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句子主語，I suppose作為插入語。這是一個很好掌握的四級長句，在作文中需要分析原因時，可以用它闡述自己的看法。

　　It is the tighter job market, I suppose, that has given rise to the increase in the number of unemployed college students in China.

　　(3) It is only when that .

　　【分析】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)when引導(dǎo)時間從句。

　　It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value him.

　　第三步：練習(xí)與進(jìn)步

　　A. 翻譯

　　1. 直到最后一刻，我才得知事情的傳聞。

　　2. 他是否接受我的觀點(diǎn)，我并不在乎。

　　3. 我不應(yīng)干預(yù)此類事。

　　4. 在擁擠的公交車上抽煙，是不禮貌的行為。

　　5. 愛迪生是位真正的天才，這是不容置疑的。

　　6. 直到他走進(jìn)教室，才意識到忘了做家庭作業(yè)。

　　7. 在我們家，飯前洗手是每個人的習(xí)慣。

　　8. 一個人應(yīng)該精讀一門，博覽各科。

　　9. 她覺得回復(fù)這封信，是她應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。

　　10. 大多數(shù)年輕人都認(rèn)為過輕松不用努力的生活是最好的，這是令人遺憾的事。

　　【參考答案】

　　1. It was at the eleventh hour that I got wind of what was going on.

　　2. It does not matter whether he accepts my opinions or not.

　　3. It is not my place to interfere in such affairs.

　　4. It is impolite behavior to smoke in a crowded bus.

　　5. It is undeniable that Edison was a genius in the truest sense of the word.

　　6. It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized he had forgotten to do the homework.

　　7. In our home it is a rigid rule for each person to wash his hands before eating.

　　8. It is wise to read everything about something and something about everything.

　　9. She felt it incumbent upon her to answer the letter at once.

　　10. It is to be regretted that the majority of young people should look upon an effortless life as the highest good.

　　B. 改錯

　　1. It is she which I think is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.

　　2. There is an old saying which says, “Great oaks from little acorns

　　grow.”

　　3. It is in the park which they’ll take a picnic.

　　4. It is believed which the earliest feature of chronic bronchitis is

　　excessive secretion from the mucous glands and goblet call.

　　5. It is one of his peculiarities that no incident ever happens to him

　　that without teaching him some valuable lesson.

　　6. It is an error to suppose which the public is indifferent or unable

　　to understand the problems of religion and philosophy.

　　7. It is wrong to accuse a person of a crime that you have evidence

　　that he may be guilty.

　　8. It be reasonable to receive extra pay for extra work.

　　9. It is very difficult that you haven’t sufficient data to solve the problem.

　　【參考答案】

　　1. which—who 2. which—that 3. which—where 4. which—that

　　5. 去掉him后面的that 6. which—that 7. that—unless

　　8. be—is 9. that—when

　　第四步：偉人偉招

　　1. 百折不撓式

　　We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. (Martin Luther King, Jr.)

　　我們必須接受失望，因?yàn)樗怯邢薜?，但千萬不可失去希望，因?yàn)樗菬o窮的。(馬丁?路德?金)

　　【點(diǎn)評】該句為馬丁?路德?金生命的體驗(yàn)，我們在作文中談到某種麻煩的解決方法時，借用過來妙不可言。另外We must do…, but we must never…用于觀點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)折或者遞進(jìn)效果很好。

　　2. 深入生活式

　　Genius is formed in quiet, character in the stream of life. (Goethe )

　　天才形成于平靜中，性格來自于生活的激流。(歌德)

　　【點(diǎn)評】歌德之才，恐非我輩能及，但大師的語言卻給我們無窮的靈感。表示“形成”記著用“is formed in”，簡單之處見真章。

　　第五步：實(shí)踐與進(jìn)步

　　用下列給出的句型造句：

　　1. There isabsolutely noreason for us tobelievethat…

　　2.Logicalas this argument is, and I whole-heartedly agree with it, it appears

　　insignificantwhen… is taken intoconsideration.

　　3. Toassumethat…is far from infallible.

　　4. Acloseinspectionof this argument would reveal howflimsyit is.

　　5.On the surface,it may seema soundsuggestion, but

　　with careful consideration , we find that…

　　6. Too muchemphasis placed on… mayobscureother facts, including that…

　　7. Thedanger is that…

　　8. What thenarratorfails tounderstandis that…

　　9. We don’t have to look very far toseethetruthof thisargument .

　　10. Howeverjustthis argument may be, it only skims the surface of the problem