請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
紫禁城(the Forbidden City)始建于明朝皇帝明成祖(Emperor Chengzu)統(tǒng)治期間,建期14年。紫禁城是明清時期24位皇帝的皇宮。它之所以被稱為紫禁城,是因為沒有皇帝的許可,任何人都不能進出紫禁城。在整個紫禁城周圍,有一面近八米高的城墻。墻內有980座建筑物,附屬的房間超過八千間。大部分建筑物都是用木頭修建的。屋頂被漆成了黃色,代表帝王的顏色。
參考翻譯:
The Forbidden City was first built throughout 14 years during the reign of Emperor Chengzu in the Ming Dynasty.It was the imperial palace for twenty-four emperors during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It was called the Forbidden City because nobody could go in or out without the emperor's permission.There's a wall nearly eight meters high around the whole Forbidden City.Inside the wall,there are 980 buildings,with more than eight thousand rooms.Most of the buildings are made of wood.The roofs are painted yellow,the color of the emperors.
1.紫禁城始建于明朝皇帝明成祖統(tǒng)治期間,建期14年:該句可譯為一個簡單句,以the Forbidden City為主語,建期14年可以譯作狀語。其中“始建”可以翻譯為was first built。build意為“建筑,建造”,常見搭配為:build up,意為“樹立;積累”。
2.它之所以被稱為紫禁城,是因為沒有皇帝的許可,任何人都不能進出紫禁城:該句可以翻譯為一個復合句,譯文中用的是because引導的原因狀語從句。
3.墻內有980座建筑物,附屬的房間超過八千間:該句是地點作主語,可翻譯成there be結構?!案綄佟笨捎脀ith結構譯出,整體看來該句是個簡單句。“墻內”可譯為inside the wall。inside意為“在某物里面”,與within同義。但inside表示具體位置,如:inside the car(在汽車里);而within表示不超出某范圍,尤其是在正式文體中,如:within the law(在法律范圍內)。