2016年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)：貨幣

　　中國(guó)是世界上最早使用貨幣(currency)的國(guó)家之一。中國(guó)古代使用的主要貨幣類型是銅錢(coppercoin)。從秦朝統(tǒng)一各國(guó)到清朝末期，圓形方孔的硬幣取代了所有先秦貨幣，成為中國(guó)貨幣的主要形式。然而，各個(gè)朝代使用的貨幣體系不盡相同。紙幣(banknote)最早出現(xiàn)于宋朝，元、明、淸時(shí)期廣泛使用。貨幣與每個(gè)歷史時(shí)期的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治制度密切相關(guān)。從漢唐時(shí)期起，中國(guó)的銅錢和紙幣開始被各個(gè)鄰國(guó)復(fù)制。大約同期，外幣流人中國(guó)，刺激了國(guó)際商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

　　參考譯文：

　　China was one of the world's pioneers in using currency. Copper coin was the main type of currencyused in ancient China. Round coins with square holesreplaced all pre-Qin currencies and became thedominant form of Chinese currency from theunification of China in the Qin Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. However, variousmonetary systems were used throughout the dynasties.Banknote first emerged in the SongDynasty, and was widely circulated in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.Currencies developedclosely with the social,economic and political systems in each historical period. Since the Han andTang Dynasties, Chinese copper coins and banknote began to be copied by various neighboringstates. About the same time,foreign currencies flowed into China, stimulating the developmentof an international commercial economy.

　　1.中國(guó)古代使用的主要貨幣類型是銅錢：該句的主干是“主要貨幣類型是銅錢”。翻譯時(shí)，可把“中國(guó)古代使用的”譯為過去分詞短語(yǔ)，作后罝定語(yǔ)。故該句譯為Cooper coin wasthe main type of currency used in ancient China.

　　2.圓形方孔的硬幣取代了所有先秦錢幣：其中“圓形方孔”可譯為round coins with square holes，故該句整體譯為Round coins with square holes replaced all pre-Qincurrencies.

　　3.中國(guó)錢幣的主要形式：其中“主要的”可用dominant表達(dá)，故該處整體譯為the dominant form ofChinese currency.

　　4.出現(xiàn)：可譯為emerge或appear，turn up，arise等。

　　5.廣泛使用：即“廣泛地流通”。該處翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，譯為was widely circulated.

　　6.大約同期：可譯為About the same time.