英語同源副詞的區(qū)別

    在英語中,某些形容詞詞形同時(shí)也可作副詞,但這些形容詞還有加后綴-ly 副詞的形式,因此這類詞就有兩種副詞形式，它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌行┛梢曰Q， 有些是有區(qū)別，下面筆者對(duì)這類詞做一總結(jié)。

　一般地說，可以互換的這類詞，形容詞詞形的副詞表示比較具體的概念， 經(jīng)常用語口語中，不太正式；后綴-ly形式的副詞，表示比較抽象的概念，有引申義，并有一定感情色彩，變副詞比較級(jí)時(shí)，用此類副詞，如修飾動(dòng)詞和分詞，放在它們前面。

1) cheap: often used instead of cheaply, esp. in casual conversation and with verbs like buy and sell

    Do you like this shirt? I bought it really cheaply.

cheaply  I can't sell you more cheaply.

2) clean: completely, used with (1) verb forget (2) the proposition over, through (3) adv away out

    I ~ forget. The ball sailed ~ over the roof.

    The prisoner got ~ away. I am afraid I am clean out of food.

cleanly: precisely in a clean manner, often used with v cut.

    He caught the ball ~ . The doctor cut ~ through the abdominal wall.

3) clear: not touching

    Please stand clear of the gate.

clearly: distinctly, obviously, similar to the meaning of clear

    I can't see ~ without my glasses.

    We ~need to think again.

4) close: near

    Come close, I want to tell you something.

closely: carefully, with great attention

    Study this ~ it's very important.

5) dead: exactly completely, used in certain expressions

    ~ right, ~ sure, ` tired,  ~ slow, ~ ahead, ~ drunk, ~ straight

deadly: fatally

    He was ~ injured in the crash.

6) direct: used instead of directly in talking about journeys and timetables

    The plane goes ~ from London to Houston.

7) easy: used in certain expressions

    Take it easy. easy come, easy go.

    Easier said than done.

easily  I can do very easily.

8) fair: used in the expression play ~, fight ~

fairly: justly, honestly

    You must do it ~.

9) fine: well, used in some expressions

    That suits me fine. You are doing ~.

finely: elaborately (細(xì)微地） (not commonly used

    He studied it very finely.

10) free: without payment

    You can't eat ~ in my restaurant.

freely: without limit or restriction(限制）

    You can't speak ~ in front of my father.

11) hard: to show degree

    He hit hard.

hardly: almost not

12) high it refers to high position.

    Don't go higher. It is dangerous.

highly: it refers to an extreme degree "very much".

    She is ~ paid. It is ~ amusing.

13) just: a moment ago  I have just come here.

justly: in accordance with justice or the law.

    You must do it justly.

14) late: not on time   He hates arriving late.

lately: recently  I haven't heard from you lately.

15) loud: used instead of loudly in informal conversation with the verbs talk, speak, shout, laugh

loudly: in a big voice  They quarreled ~.

16) low: in a small voice

    Can you speak low?

lowly: in a humble way

    Don't speak to him lowly.

17) most: very    Which do you like most?

mostly: mainly, most often, in most cases

18) pretty: rather   ~ well, ~ soon

prettily: pleasing to people (悅?cè)说兀?/span>

    He danced ~.

19) quick: in informal English used instead of quickly

quickly  He acted ~.

20) real in informal English used instead of really

really   Are you ~ tell me the truth.

21) right: just, exactly, all the way

    The ball hit me ~ in the nose.

    He arrived ~ after breakfast.

    Turn right at the traffic lights.

rightly: correctly  right can be used informally instead of rightly

    You guessed right(ly)

22) sharp: punctually  準(zhǔn)時(shí)地

    He arrived at six o'clock ~.

sharply: 銳利地，急劇地

look ~ speak ~

23) short: suddenly

    The car stopped suddenly.

shortly: soon   He will come shortly.

24) slow used in informal conversation instead of slowly

    go ~, drive ~

25) sound: 徹底地 used in the expression  sound asleep

soundly: 非常好地  He is sleeping soundly.

26) straight and straightly used in the same way.

27) sure: used in American English meaning certainly

    surely:  He speaks very surely.

28) tight: used instead of tightly in informal conversation.

    hold ~, pack ~.  The door was shut ~.

tightly: We'd better sit tightly.

29)wide: He opened his eyes wide.

widely: in many different places

    He has traveled widely.

30) wrong used instead of wrongly in informal conversation.

    You guessed wrong(ly)