商務(wù)英語BEC高級課文輔導(dǎo)(四)

　　3. C

　　deadline

　　l by

　　l before

　　l until

　　stress management, time management, prioritise tasks,

　　put something back phrasal verb

　　to arrange for an event to start at a later time or date 推遲

　　?同義詞 postpone

　　put something ↔ back to

　　The meeting has been put back to next Thursday. 這次會議推遲到下周四舉行。

　　work out phrasal verb

　　?GET BETTER?帶來好結(jié)果;有預(yù)期的結(jié)果

　　if a problem or complicated situation works out, it gradually gets better or gets solved

　　Things will work out, you'll see. 你會看到一切都會好的。

　　?EXERCISE?

　　to make your body fit and strong by doing exercises鍛煉身體

　　4. H

　　mobile phone

　　client

　　urgently

　　proposal

　　get involved

　　to take part in an activity or event, or be connected with it in some way

　　be/get involved in

　　More than 30 software firms were involved in the project. 30多家軟件公司參與了這個項目。

　　I don't want to get involved in some lengthy argument about who is to blame. 我不想被牽涉進這場曠日持久的關(guān)于到底是誰應(yīng)該被指責(zé)的爭論當(dāng)中。

　　5. E

　　optimistic (pessimistic)

　　get off 寄出，發(fā)出 ?SEND SOMETHING?

　　to send a letter or package by post

　　I'll have to get this letter off by tonight. 我必須要在今晚之前把信寄出去。

　　I'll get the forms off to you today. 我今天會把表格寄給你。

　　Leaving answering machine messages

　　l Hello, person who is calling, time, day, place, purpose

　　Analysis:

　　Call 1 and 2 are precise and call 4 and 5 are quite difficult. Call 3 is intended to be in-between.

　　Call 3

　　Call 3 is relatively concise. However, it is difficult for the use of socializing added in before Sue gets down to the message (How are you? I hope you’re not too busy…). They may also find her use of phrasal verbs difficult (work out, put back). Sue also uses a rather British way of asking for postponement (I don’t suppose…, could we?). It may be helpful for her to say when exactly she called and to give her number.

　　Call 4

　　Call 4 is longer and it is therefore difficult to retain the message. One reason is that Colin includes unnecessary information (e.g. I’m traveling to a meeting with a client). The purpose of the call comes rather late and the sentences are very long, with more than one idea in each. It may be more helpful to leave his number at the end rather than near the beginning of the message. Once again, it may be helpful to say exactly when he rang.

　　Call 5

　　Once again, Call 5 is quite long. Steve uses many of the features of British English mentioned in the article: understanding (e.g. a little bit on the optimistic side), get used with different meanings (e.g. which I’ll get off to you today), and a generally idiomatic approach to language. Again, Colin could say when he called and give a telephone or extension number.

　　Taking messages

　　1. trade fair

　　2. S126 25

　　3. 3

　　4. Tuesday 23 / 23 November

　　5. (Kati) Gersel

　　聽力基礎(chǔ)知識講評：

　　Names

　　在我們對姓名做講解之前，我們先來熟悉一下有關(guān)姓名的幾組詞匯。

　　Ø 姓名，全名 (full)name

　　Ø 姓 family name/ surname/last name

　　Ø 名 given name/ first name

　　6. the/ your message

　　7. cancelled

　　8. not available

　　9. 27 November

　　10. confirm

　　get back to somebody phrasal verb事后告知某人

　　to talk to someone or telephone them later in order to answer a question or give them information

　　I'll find out the prices and get back to you. 我會找到價格并馬上告知你。

　　available adjective

　　1 something that is available is able to be used or can easily be bought or found 可以用的，可以得到的

　　Tickets are available from the box office. 你可以從票房買到票。

　　No figures are available for the number of goods sold. 沒有已銷售商品數(shù)量的數(shù)據(jù)。

　　There are plenty of jobs available in the area. 這個地方有很多就業(yè)機會。

　　2 [not before noun] someone who is available is not busy and has enough time to talk to you 有時間

　　Collins was not available for comment on Thursday night. 克林斯不能在周四晚上發(fā)表評論。

　　?availability noun [uncountable]

　　姓名前的稱呼 Title

　　在與人初次見面時，如果在非常正式的場合下是不應(yīng)該直接稱呼對方姓名的，而應(yīng)該稱呼對方為某某先生、某某女士等等。所以這里就需要給大家介紹有關(guān)在姓名前如何稱呼對方。稱呼一般有以下幾種：

　　Mr. 這是專門稱呼男士的，無論對方是已婚還是未婚。意思是XX先生。

　　Mrs是稱呼已婚女士的，意思是XX太太。

　　Miss是稱呼那些未婚女士的，意思是XX小姐。有時我們并不方便先去了解一下對方的婚姻狀況，所以我們就可以采用Ms這種稱呼，意思是XX女士。

　　Dr.是對某人學(xué)歷上的認可，意思是某某博士。

　　Dates

　　British English英國英語US English美國英語

　　Spoken

　　表達the twenty-sixth of October

　　October the twenty-sixth

　　twenty-sixth October

　　October twenty-sixth

　　Written

　　書寫文字形式：26(th) October

　　October 26(th)

　　數(shù)字形式：26/10/01文字形式：26(th) October

　　數(shù)字形式：10/26/01

　　從上面可以看出，英國英語表達時間通常是日、月、年的結(jié)構(gòu)，美國英語是先說月份，然后是日期，最后是年份。這點請大家注意。

　　說明：

　　1.在書寫日期時，可以將表示序數(shù)詞標(biāo)志的st, nd, rd 或者th省略掉。這里也建議大家不要寫出來，因為有很多人在書寫時會將它們混淆。比如正確的寫法是：

　　1號1st

　　21號21st

　　31號31st

　　2號2nd

　　22號22nd

　　3號3rd

　　那么，11號、12號和13號怎么寫呢?有很多人自認為已經(jīng)搞明白了，就自作主張，大筆一揮寫成是11st、12nd和13rd了。其實

　　11號11 th (eleventh)

　　12號12th (twelfth)

　　13號13th (thirteenth)

　　2.在閱讀日期時，如果寫成日月的順序，英國英語的讀法是讀出定冠詞the和介詞of來。但是在書寫時一定要注意不要寫出來。同樣道理，如果寫成是月日的順序的話，在口語表達時，要讀出定冠詞the來，但是書寫時就沒有了。

　　IV. Vocabulary Consolidation on Unit 1b (page 163)

　　V. Self-study 1b

　　4. Prepositions.

　　(1) at the moment

　　(2) in +地點

　　(3) on the phone

　　(4) at +時間

　　(5) on +具體日期

　　(6) at +宗教節(jié)日

　　(7) on +電話號碼

　　(8) in + 月份

　　(9) at + 時間

　　(10) on + 具體日期

　　小結(jié)：

　　介詞用法簡介Saying when things happened

　　在表示時間時，我們有三個介詞可以選擇：in，at和on。

　　介詞in的用法：

　　介詞in 用在年、月份、季節(jié)、一天中某個部分以及年代的前面。比如，

　　in 1999 在1999年

　　in August 在八月份

　　in winter 在冬季

　　in the afternoon, in the evening, in the morning 在下午/在晚上/在早上

　　in the 1950s 在50年代

　　in the 21st century 在21世紀(jì)

　　介詞on的用法：

　　介詞on用在星期幾、幾號等具體的日期前。比如：

　　on Thursday 在星期四

　　on 19 January 在1月19日

　　on Monday morning (請比較：in the morning)

　　on a cold night (請比較：at night)

　　但是當(dāng)星期幾的前面有指示性的詞比如：this，next和last來修飾時，就不用介詞on。

　　介詞at的用法：

　　介詞at 用在點鐘、宗教節(jié)日和一些固定的詞組中。比如：

　　at 5.30 p.m. 在下午5.30分

　　at Easter 在復(fù)活節(jié)

　　at the end of the war 在戰(zhàn)爭的末期

　　at the beginning of the term 在這學(xué)期開始

　　但是當(dāng)宗教節(jié)日中帶有day這個詞時，前面的介詞用on 。

　　at Christmas on Christmas Day

　　at/on the weekend 在周末

　　VI. Memo Writing

　　參考答案：

　　To: Alice Hu, Secretary

　　From: David Guan, Manager

　　Date: 29 June 2001

　　Subject: Arrangement for my holiday

　　I’m going on my annual holiday next Monday 2nd July for three weeks. Please keep my mail until I return. If something urgent occurs, please report it directly to our Deputy Manager or contact me on 12345678903.

　　mail noun [uncountable]

　　1 the letters and packages that are delivered to you

　　2 especially American English the system of collecting and delivering letters and packages

　　British equivalent: post

　　3 messages that are sent and received on a computer

　　?synonym email

　　VII. Oral Practice

　　Career goals

　　l What are your career ambitions?

　　參考答案：

　　l I would like to become a HR manager. Then I can help the company I work for to seek best candidate and make them fulfill their ambitions.

　　l I intend to be a receptionist to meet people and show the best side of our business.

　　l I aim to be self-employed.

　　l My career ambition is to set up my own company which can offer high quality products or services.

　　l Do you think people should take professional advice when planning their careers?

　　參考答案：

　　Yes. Sometimes people cannot really identify where their strength and weakness lie. Therefore, it’s better to get professional advice to map out career development plans.

　　l Do you think business people need to be flexible when planning their careers?

　　參考答案：

　　Yes. The business environment changes very rapidly. The chances are that your original career plan may not be reasonable at times and you cannot stick to your targets. Then in this case, people have to be flexible to make better achievements.

　　l Do you think it is necessary to have long-term goals in your careers?

　　參考答案：

　　Yes. I think long-term goals can ensure that you will always have a long way away from it. It will encourage you to be tenacious and resilient to realize the goals in the end.

　　tenacious adjective

　　determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difficult 固執(zhí)的，百折不撓的

　　a tenacious negotiator 一位百折不撓的談判者

　　resilient adjective

　　able to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event

　　Children are often very resilient. 孩子們經(jīng)常是在遇到困難后仍能保持開心樂觀。

　　Work and holidays

　　u Would you be influenced by the amount of paid holiday when applying for a job?

　　參考答案：

　　No. I don’t mind the length of paid holiday provided that I can get my teeth into the job and feel challenged.

　　get your teeth into something

　　informal to start to do something with a lot of energy and determination 專注于某事

　　I can't wait to get my teeth into the new course. 我簡直是迫不及待地想要開始學(xué)習(xí)這門新課。

　　u Do you think companies should be able to contact staff when they are on holiday?

　　參考答案：

　　No. Every employee will arrange his work in advance and another person can take on his responsibility to deal with any emergencies. On the other hand, a telephone may disrupt the whole holiday.

　　u Should staff be allowed to take holidays whenever they like?

　　參考答案：

　　No. If an employee can take holidays whenever they like, then the business will be in trouble and the other staff may feel unfair of always taking on extra responsibility.

　　u Do you think that people work more effectively after they have had a holiday?

　　參考答案：

　　Yes. After holidays, people can feel refreshed and can put more energy into their work.

　　Homework

　　1. Oral practice.

　　When you eat out, what are the criteria to choose a suitable restaurant for you?

　　Location?

　　Atmosphere?

　　Cleanliness?

　　Speed of service? ……

　　2.

　　You are a Project Team Leader. You have had to cancel your next project meeting because some of the member of your team will be abroad.

　　Write a memo of 40-50 words to your project team:

　　Informing them of the cancellation and giving the reason

　　Stating a new date and time for the meeting

　　Requesting suggestions for the agenda.