本文總結出了一套以閱讀為綱,提高英語綜合能力和突破英語四級考試的“超精讀”方法,希望對英語四級考生有所幫助。
大家不管在閱讀英文報刊還是英語四級真題的時候,第一遍都必須首先注意提高閱讀速度。 對報刊上的文章來說,第一遍讀的時候不要查字典,記下起止時間,計算單位時間的閱讀量。對真題來說,更加要控制在規(guī)定的時間內完成,閱讀的時候就需要隨時對可能的考點作出標記,最后結合解題技巧進行解題。此時的重點放在訓練速度、掌握文章大意、結構、作者、專家等的觀點。
下一步就是對文章和考點、干擾項等進行詳細的分析、總結。 這個時候就要仔細體會文章中精彩的語言,注意詞的使用、內涵和搭配和擴展,代詞和名詞的指代,以及對精彩句型的模仿和重要語法現象的、長句、難句、文章結構的分析。另外,還要注意句子和句子之間的關系是什么,是因果、遞近、轉折還是什么,尤其注意文章的第一句和最后一句,以及每段的第一句和最后一句與其它句子的關系。體會每句話在文章中的作用。在此過程中,要培養(yǎng)自己對文章主要討論對象、關鍵詞,作者、專家的觀點、和語氣的把握,注意作者和專家的觀點,專家和專家之間的觀點是否相同或相反或互補,以及作者和專家的語氣是贊成還是反對,是關注還是樂觀等等。如果是真題,還要仔細分析考點和正確、干擾選項的規(guī)律、特征。在這個過程中,把文章盡可能的多讀幾遍,提高對文章中單詞、短語、句型等的反應速度,閱讀速度自然也會提高。
如果能做到上面幾點,那么你才能說真正的理解了文章,閱讀理解能力以及綜合英語能力都會得到很大的提高,其結果是對考試中的每個題型的把握都會更上一層樓。先從聽力說起,據研究,一個人的閱讀理解能力和聽力水平是成正比關系的。試想,有的同學連聽力原文都看不懂,怎么可能聽懂呢。另外,在超精讀的過程中,所積累的詞匯能力,對詞匯題也有很大幫助,我做過統(tǒng)計,如果對10套左右的四六級、考研閱讀真題中的詞匯進行過深入學習,那么大綱中的重點詞匯就已經被囊括大半了。而且,最好的詞匯記憶方法就是通過閱讀來學習,記得又牢又準確。對翻譯、完形、改錯、簡短回答問題等小題型,你就會覺得得心應手了,因為你對這些題型的解題能力和你的閱讀、詞匯能力最相關。另外,還有作文,許多同學喜歡背模版,其實模版作文千篇一律,很難拿高分。如果大家在讀報刊和真題的過程中有意識地摘抄和模仿一些精彩地道的詞匯和句型,考試時信手拈來,無疑會吸引評卷老師的眼球。其實,大家想一想,我們所閱讀的英文文章不都是精彩的作文范文嗎? 如果同學們能夠在早晨或者傍晚朗誦或者背誦英文報刊文章或者就是真題閱讀文章,那么你眼睛里、耳朵里接觸到的都是地道的英語,那么堅持下去,你的聽說讀寫能力都會很自然地提高了!
下面,我結合一些例子,說明一下如何進行超精讀。
例一、2001年6月四級Passage four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. when it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage)?!t one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth)?!fter a while people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity)?!ales went into a slight decline (衰退)when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline)。
26. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sale
A) decrease gradually B) remain at the same level
C) become unstable D) improve enormously
第一段中有三個句型可以在圖表作文中應用:
1. instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity.
我們可以這樣模仿:the mobile phone has grown rapidly in popularity.
2. sales leveled off. 或者也可以這樣說:sales remained constant / steady / stable / much the same
3. sales went into a slight decline.
或者也可以這樣說: sales declined slightly / 如果下降幅度大可以說sales declined dramatically / substantially / sharply / greatly / hugely.
詞匯擴展( 同學們可以看一看是否掌握了這些文章的詞匯和擴展詞匯:
life cyle / energy cycle / eternal cyle / business cycle / business circle /
instant coffee/ instant star / the instant / the minute / the moment / instantaneous
introduce a bill
general acceptance / general public / specific /
at one point / on the point / to the point
brand loyalty
become attached to / be detached from
maturity / mature / premature / ripe / sophisticated
例二、2000年1月四級Passage Two
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
30. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?
A) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.
B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.
C) They are falling out of use in the United States.
D) They are applicable only on broad roads
請用心體會一下initially 這個詞的內涵,其實,你一看到這個詞,就必須準確predict出后面可能會有考點,而且肯定會出現but, however, ultimately 一類的轉折、對比詞。答案B)。