學(xué)習(xí)語法首先要學(xué)習(xí)句子,因?yàn)榫渥邮侨祟愓Z言的核心,通過對句子的分析理解,可以更好的掌握語法。下面是小編整理的英語四級高級語法講解之before的用法,希望對你的語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助!
一、可以用作介詞
⒈)指時(shí)間上早于,在……之前,如:
She has lived here since before the war.
她從戰(zhàn)前就一直在這兒住。
?、?指位置在前面,如:
We knelt down before Grandma's grave.
我們在奶奶的墓前跪下。
?、?指順序或排列在之前,如:
Your name comes before mine on the list.
名單上你的名字在我之前。
⒋)在某人面前,如:
She said it before the witness.
他是當(dāng)著證人的面說的。
二、作為連詞
其基本含義是“在……之前”,又可以根據(jù)不同語境靈活翻譯成“才”、“還沒來得及就……”、“趁……”、“就”等。具體用法如下:
⒈)與情態(tài)動詞can/could連用
這時(shí)候從句雖為肯定形式,根據(jù)漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣譯成“還沒來得及就”,如:
Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.
我還沒來得及插話他就為我量好了尺寸。
Before she could move,she heard a loud noise,which grew to a terribl eroar.
她還沒來得及邁步,就聽見一聲巨響,接著就是可怕的隆隆轟鳴。
?、?用于肯定句中強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表達(dá)的時(shí)間,距離長,或花費(fèi)的精力大,譯成“才”
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.
我們航行了四天四夜才看到陸地。
We waited a long time before the train arrived.
我們等了很長時(shí)間火車才到。
?、?用于否定句中,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表達(dá)的時(shí)間,距離短,或花費(fèi)的精力小,譯成“不到……就”如:
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
我們跑了還不到一英里他就累了。
?、?主句含有hardly,scarcely等半否定副詞時(shí)可以譯為“剛……就”
這時(shí)候主句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài),從句用過去時(shí),還可以用when替代before如:
We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.
我們剛到學(xué)校鈴聲就響了。
⒌)有時(shí)還有“寧愿”的意思
I'd shoot myself before I apologized to him.我寧死也不向他道歉。
?、?用于It+be/take+時(shí)間段+before句型
在這一句型中又可以根據(jù)主從句的時(shí)態(tài)分成兩種情況。
若主句是一般時(shí)將來時(shí)態(tài),從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).若主句是肯定句意思是“要過多長時(shí)間才”;若主句是否定形式翻譯成“用不了多久就”。
It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.
兩周之后一切才能恢復(fù)正常。
It will be many years before the situation improves.
這種狀況或許要過許多年才能得以改善。
It won't be long before we meet again.用不了多久我們就會再見面的。
這時(shí)若主句是一般過去時(shí)從句也是一般過去時(shí)。若主句是肯定句翻譯成“多長時(shí)間之后才”,若主句是否定形式翻譯成“沒過多久就”。如:
It was some time before I realized the truth.
過了很長一段時(shí)間我才了解到真相。
It wasn't long before she became a brave solider.
沒過多久她就成了一名勇敢的戰(zhàn)士。
After that it still took seven years before they got married.
他們又過了七年才結(jié)婚。
注意:當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞時(shí),before與until有時(shí)可以互換。It was an hour before/until the police arrived.
鞏固練習(xí)
⒈(2004天津)It was evening ________ we reached the little town of Winchester.
Athat B.until C.since D.before
2.(2004全國)Several weeks had gone by ________ realized the painting was missing.
A.as B.before C.since D.when
3.(2005廣東)The America Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end.
A.after B.before C.when D.then
4.(2005山東)It was some time _______ we realized the truth.
A.when B.until C.since D.before
5.(2006四川)-Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?
-He rushed out of the classroom _______ I could say a word.
A.before B.until C.when D.after
6.(2006福建)-How long do you think it will be __ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon?
-Perhaps two or three years.
Awhen B.until C.that D.before
參考答案:DBBDAD
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