329. Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as an excuse for breaking the law.
譯文
對(duì)法律的無(wú)知不能作為違法的借口。
點(diǎn)睛
本句的主語(yǔ)比較特殊,是由動(dòng)詞-ing形式所引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ),往往表示一般的、抽象的、重復(fù)多次的行為。如:
1) Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。
2) Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火很危險(xiǎn)。
考點(diǎn)歸納
動(dòng)詞-ing形式的句法功能除了作主語(yǔ)外,還能作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)以及賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
作賓語(yǔ)分為兩種情況:
1)在suggest,enjoy,admit,appreciate,avoid,delay,dislike,escape,forgive,imagine,keep,miss,practise,resist,risk,deny,consider等動(dòng)詞之后;或在feel like,look forward to,be proud of,be responsible for,insist on,think of,dream of,object to,hear of,prevent...from,keep...from,stop...from,be engaged in,depend on,thank...for,excuse...for,aim at,devote...to,set about,be/get used to,be fond of,be afraid of,be tired of,succeed in,be interested in,be ashamed of等短語(yǔ)之后,只能用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。如:
I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建議用另一種方法做這件事。
What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我們結(jié)婚?
2)在forget,go on,can't help,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等詞之后可接動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ),但意義上有所區(qū)別。如:
I remember opening the window. 我記得開(kāi)了窗戶。
I must remember to open the window. 我必須記著要開(kāi)窗戶。
作狀語(yǔ),表示與其邏輯主語(yǔ)即主句主語(yǔ)之間有主動(dòng)關(guān)系:
1)原因狀語(yǔ)。如:
Having no interest in the topic, he didn't go to the lecture. 由于對(duì)這個(gè)話題沒(méi)有興趣,他沒(méi)去參加講座。
2)方式狀語(yǔ)。如:
Traveling by train, we visited a number of cities. 我們坐火車參觀了多個(gè)城市。
3)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:
Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work. 進(jìn)屋以后,她看到大家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始工作。
4)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。如:
My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 我的車遭遇了交通堵塞,所以延誤了。