下面我們通過一道official material里面的7選3的多項選擇題來給各位考生詳細解答該類題型的答題技巧。
Questions 21-23
Choose THREE letters, A-G.Which THREE factors does Marco’s tutor advise him to consider when selecting a course?
A. possibility of specialization
B. relevance to future career
C. personal interest
D. organization of course
E. assessment methods
F. range of topics
G. reputation of lecturer
1. 讀題干
題干的重點通常在于:特殊名詞(人名、地名、年份等大寫和數(shù)字),以及特殊情況。所以該考題的重點人物是Marco’s tutor, 通過人物定位得出:該題的引導者(也就是我們所謂的信號詞)大致出自Marco, 而該題的答案大致出自他的tutor。
信號詞:特殊情境
該題的特殊情境是:select a course(答案信號詞)。
Summary(總結):通過題干的重點提煉,我們可以得出,對話雙方誰是答案引導者,誰是答案敘述者。直接引導出答案的信號詞是什么。
2. 選項分析
雅思聽力選擇題答案大致可分為三類:
(1). 被直接或間接地支持(Directly or indirectly supported)
(2). 直接或間接地矛盾(Directly or indirectly contradicted)
(3). 并未提及(Not mentioned)
而在多項選擇題目中,尤其是7選3的題目,大多數(shù)情況是3個直接或者間接支持(肯定),3個直接或者間接矛盾(否定),1個選項是沒有提及的。所以,各位考生的第二步驟是選項的閱讀和關鍵詞的提煉。
A選項關鍵詞:specialization(因為possibility只是修飾specialization)
B選項關鍵詞:career(future只是修飾詞,修飾career)
C選項關鍵詞:interest(personal是interest的修飾詞)
D選項關鍵詞:organization
E選項關鍵詞:assessment
F選項關鍵詞:range
G選項關鍵詞:reputation
Summary(總結):通過選項閱讀劃出1-2個關鍵詞。關鍵詞通常是該句子或者短語的核心詞匯或者話題詞匯。關鍵詞通常是我們常見的可做paraphrase(同義替換)的詞匯。
3. 原文錄音定位比對
答案引導定位:各位考生可以看到,通過信號詞select course可以定位出該多項選擇題的答案在這里即將出現(xiàn)。
T: Hi Marco, come in.
M: Thanks. I’ve got a bit stuck trying to select courses for next semester. Could you help me, please?
選項確定。
T: Of course. Sit down. First of all, most people just go for the areas of business that they’re interested in, but-even if something doesn’t look very stimulating-it’s important that you can use it once you get a job. It’s not much good choosing areas that aren’t going to be helpful later on.
選項C和B定位,關鍵詞interest和job(career同義替換),轉折詞but肯定后面部分否定前面部分,所以選擇B排除C。
M: Right. I want to go into management, so I’ll need to think about that. And should I start specializing in a particular area yet?
T: I don’t think that’s wise, at this stage. It’s better to aim for a wide variety of subjects, especially as management covers so many possibilities. You shouldn’t be limiting your choices for later on.
選項A和F定位,信號詞specialising(specialization同義詞)和wide variety of subjects(range同義替換),否定詞don’t否定specialization, 建議類詞匯’d better肯定range of subjects, 所以選擇F排除A。
M: Yes I see.
T: You should also look at how the course is made up-will you have regular seminars and tutorials, for example, as well as lectures?
M: OK. Some of the lecturers are quite big names in their fields, aren’t they? Should I aim to go to their courses?
T: Well remember that the lecturers who aren’t well-known may still be very good teachers! I’d say we have a consistently high standard of teaching in this department, so you don’t need to worry about it.
選項D和G定位,信號詞made up(organization同義替換),big names(reputation同義替換),建議性的短語you should also肯定made up(既organization),否定詞aren’t well-known否定reputation, 所以選擇D排除G。
選項E關于assessment(考評)并未提及。
4. 排除干擾項,同義替換
通常在多項選擇題里面,肯定(支持)和否定(矛盾)選項都是成組出現(xiàn)的。正確選項會出現(xiàn)肯定類的詞匯,干擾選項會出現(xiàn)否定詞或者后面緊接轉折詞,同義轉換詞多數(shù)時候是正確選項的暗示,而原詞出現(xiàn)多數(shù)是陷阱。各位考生需要多累積常用詞匯的同義轉換單詞。
5. 得出正確選項
以這個example的正確答案是B, D, F。
值得考生們注意的是,在多項選擇題里面,所有的選項都是需要看的,不要看到一個認為是正確的選項而忽略了其他的選項,因為通常只會有0-1個選項完全不會提及,為了肯定我們選擇的正確性,應該同時確定排除的選項都是被錄音否定過的。
在雅思聽力考試中我們要注意以下幾點:
提前讀題非常重要,尋找題干信號詞和選項的關鍵詞,并且劃出所有關鍵單詞,以便知道應該留意的字和句;
隨時準備答題,有時候題目的答案會在很早的時候,甚至是第一句就出現(xiàn)第一次的肯定
詞匯的累積非常重要,尤其是常用詞匯以及它們的同義替換;
注意陷阱選項:轉折詞、否定詞等等;
檢查一次答案,并且猜測所有聽不到或聽不懂的答案,千萬不要留空。