雅思閱讀同義詞替換原來還能這么玩兒！

　　雅思閱讀中的同義替換至關(guān)重要，想必烤鴨們都知道沒有同義替換，閱讀寸步難行，一提到同義替換，學(xué)生立馬想到各種替換形式，換同義詞，詞性替換，語(yǔ)態(tài)替換，blablabla。。。。。。。，可還有些替換形式可能還不了解，原來套路還可以這么玩。

　　01

　　蘋果水果版

　　其實(shí)第一種就是一個(gè)形象的小栗子，Apples and other fruits常見的變體是fruits，such as/including apples.

　　比如劍11中的一個(gè)填空題：

　　題目：20th century: …………and other manmade fibres cause decline in silk production

　　我們同種明顯定位詞20th century定位到出題句

　　原文：Then in the twentieth century, new manmade fibres, such as nylon, started to be used.

　　此時(shí)不用把句子看全，便知道所填的空是nylon，因?yàn)轭}目中的…… and other manmade fibres經(jīng)常變成的形式為manmade fibres，such as……，所以一目了然。

　　再來看最新的劍12 上的一道題目：

　　題目：Activity in this part of the brain is associated with the expectation of‘reward’ stimuli such as ……..

　　同樣這道題目也是有明顯定位詞‘reward’，定位到即出答案，原文句子如下：

　　原文：What is rather more significant is the finding that the dopamine neurons in the caudate—a region of the brain involved in learning stimulus-response associations, and in anticipating food and other ‘reward’ stimuli—were at their most active around 15 seconds before the participants’ favorite moments in the music.

　　怎么會(huì)有那么長(zhǎng)的句子?關(guān)鍵好多詞匯不認(rèn)識(shí)neuron?stimulus? caudate?……Take it easy，不要著急，利用咱剛才講的形式，只看形式不看意思，重點(diǎn)看的內(nèi)容是food and other ‘reward’ stimuli，所以呢，答案為food，是不是很簡(jiǎn)單呢?此時(shí)，有木有感覺整個(gè)宇宙都是你的?

　　02

　　更最媲美版

　　題目中常出現(xiàn)的最高級(jí)，特別要引起注意，而且要期待文章中會(huì)出現(xiàn)比較級(jí)形式，二者進(jìn)行同替(最高級(jí)替換比較級(jí)!)，且看下例：

　　題目：The most probable development is that food will be grown on ………. in towns and cities.

　　高度警惕，因?yàn)榇颂幱凶罡呒?jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)，where is 比較級(jí)，文中出題句：原文：While it is possible that much of our food will be grown in skyscrapers in the future, most experts currently believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available on urban rooftops.

　　看到possible不要著急填空，雖然possible 的確相當(dāng)于題目中的probable，但是題目中是most probable，所以對(duì)應(yīng)后面提到的比較級(jí)far more likely。一個(gè)栗子哪過癮，再來一個(gè)。

　　One of the easiest qualities to acquire is ………..

　　非常簡(jiǎn)單的題干，可以根據(jù)quality定位，但是也萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能忽略最高級(jí)，文中的出現(xiàn)qualifies的地方有很多，是哪一處呢?

　　第一處Positive psychologists have identified 24 qualities we admire, such as loyalty and kindness, and are studying them to find out why they come so naturally so some people.

　　第二處What they’re discovering is that many of these qualities amount to habitual behavior that determines the way we respond to the world.

　　第三處Some qualities are less challenging to develop than others, optimism is one of them.

　　很顯然，第三處才是正確的定位處，答案為optimism。掌握了這些，就算有不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞也不用害怕了呢，此時(shí)考的是眼神好嘛!

　　03

　　相似長(zhǎng)相版

　　話說，這一部分就得看各位的眼力了，觀察要仔細(xì)。

　　a.同樣是………be done，doing sth

　　題目：A …….. is taken out, enabling Wheel to rotate.

　　原文：A hydraulic clamp, which prevents the arms of the Wheel moving while the gondola is docked, is removed, allowing the Wheel to turn.

　　簡(jiǎn)直一模一樣，有木有，只不過文中的內(nèi)容加了一些修飾性的東西迷惑大家。

　　b.同樣是be to do

　　題目:The only hope was to tell the probe to replace them with ………

　　Be動(dòng)詞之后加to do的形式比較少見，所以當(dāng)我們看到題目中有這種形式，就可以留意一下文中是不是會(huì)有一樣或者類似的形式出現(xiàn)。

　　原文：The solution was to get a message to Voyager I to instruct it to use spares to change the failing parts.

　　04

　　時(shí)態(tài)一致版

　　細(xì)心的童鞋也會(huì)注意到時(shí)態(tài)的問題，題目和出題句對(duì)照來看，會(huì)更明顯哦~

　　一篇講埃及金字塔的文章：

　　題目：The discovery on one pyramid suggests that they may have experimented with …………

　　原文：Although it dates from several hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for a long time.

　　另一篇講航海家拉皮塔人：

　　題目：Extreme climate conditions may have played a role in Lapita migration.

　　原文：EI Nino, the same climate disruption that affects the Pacific today, may have helped scatter the Lapita.

　　我們甚至可以根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的特殊性來定位哦，最常見的莫過于題目中的時(shí)態(tài)基調(diào)是過去時(shí)，而最后一題是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，比如人物傳記類文章William HenryPerkin。

　　最后一題如下:

　　題目：According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?

　　而此題之上的五個(gè)題目的時(shí)態(tài)卻是過去時(shí)，所以說文中出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在時(shí)的地方才有可能是答案哦~

　　同理另一篇Stepwells中第八題如下：

　　Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays?

　　大家應(yīng)該知道從哪里找答案了嗎?