醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)：什么是百日咳？

Today, we're talking about pertussis, or whooping cough.

今天，我們來(lái)討論一下百日咳，或者叫頓咳。

Pertussis is a disease that leaves its victims gasping for air.

百日咳會(huì)讓病人喘氣。

At first, it might seem like a common cold, runny nose and cough.

起初，它可能跟普通咳嗽一樣，流鼻涕和咳嗽。

That's stage one, when pertussis is just warming up.

那是第一階段，百日咳才剛開(kāi)始。

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After a week or two, its victims can have extreme coughing spells.

一兩周后，患者會(huì)有極端陣咳。

People can cough so hard and long that they throw up or turn blue because they can't breathe.

人們咳嗽很?chē)?yán)重，時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)，會(huì)嘔吐，或者因無(wú)法呼吸而臉色發(fā)藍(lán)。

Victims of pertussis may make a big gasping "whoop" sound when they suck in air after a coughing fit.

百日咳患者在咳嗽發(fā)作后，呼吸時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)出很大的“哮喘”聲。

Pertussis is a bully, affecting young children and babies the most.

百日咳很?chē)?yán)重，最容易影響兒童和嬰兒。

It's no joke; about half of babies who get it wind up in the hospital.

這可不是說(shuō)著玩的；約有一半的嬰兒患者都會(huì)住院。

Pertussis is highly contagious; that means it's easy to catch.

百日咳具有高傳染性；也就是說(shuō)很容易得這種病。

If you have pertussis, everyone in your house can get it if they haven't been vaccinated.

如果你有百日咳，那么你家沒(méi)有打疫苗的人都可能得這種病。

Kids need the vaccine when they're little, but teenagers and adults need a booster shot.

孩子在很小的時(shí)候就需要這種疫苗，但青少年和成年人需要強(qiáng)化注射劑量。

Besides getting vaccinated, there are other things we can do to help improve our chances of not getting pertussis.

除了打疫苗外，我們還可以做其他事來(lái)避免得百日咳。

Right, Karmen! Wash your hands often with soap and water, cover coughs and sneezes with your arm, and don't share cups and silverware.

沒(méi)錯(cuò)，卡門(mén)！經(jīng)常用肥皂和水洗手，咳嗽或打噴嚏時(shí)用手遮掩，不要與他人共用杯子和餐具。