1.糖精發(fā)明者:康斯坦丁法堡和伊拉雷森
時(shí)間:1879年
事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò):在研究了一整天的煤礦衍生物之后,法堡離開他約翰霍金大學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室回家吃晚飯。
大發(fā)現(xiàn):他吃到了某種特別甜的東西(明顯不是晚飯本身),于是他追溯到了自己手上沾到的某種化學(xué)成分(滬江小編注:糖精,從煤焦油中提取的物質(zhì)。)而且最棒的是,這種糖精完全沒(méi)有熱量。
結(jié)果:法堡摒棄了伊拉(指導(dǎo)他完成論文的導(dǎo)師)和所在大學(xué),偷偷申請(qǐng)了糖精的專利……
Inventors: Constantin Fahlberg and Ira Remsen
Year: 1879
WhatHappened: After spending the day studying coal tar derivatives, Fahlberg lefthis Johns Hopkins laboratory and went to dinner。
BigDiscovery: Something he ate tasted particularly sweet, which he traced to achemical compound he'd spilled on his hand. Best of all, it turned out to becalorie-free。
As a result: He cut Remsen andthe university out of millions of dollars when he secretly patented thebreakthrough discovery, saccharin.
2.橡皮泥發(fā)明者:詹姆斯懷特
時(shí)間:1943年
事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò):在戰(zhàn)時(shí),通用的工程師將硅油和硼酸混合、試圖制造出能用于坦克、靴子的橡膠。
大發(fā)現(xiàn):他的嘗試沒(méi)有成功,但科學(xué)家們重新設(shè)計(jì)和延伸了這項(xiàng)發(fā)明。
結(jié)果:孩子們開始普遍地玩橡皮泥。
Inventor: James Wright
Year: 1943
WhatHappened: During the war years, the General Electric engineer combined siliconeoil and boric acid in an attempt to find a cheap alternative to rubber for tanktreads, boots, etc。
BigDiscovery: It didn't work. But the scientists had a blast bouncing andstretching his mistake, when they weren't using it to transfer comics ontopaper。
As a result: Kids had a blast playing with the SillyPutty too.
3. 口香糖發(fā)明者:湯馬斯亞當(dāng)
時(shí)間:1870年
事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò):他在用chicle,一種南美洲的樹液做實(shí)驗(yàn),以尋找橡膠的替代物。在無(wú)數(shù)次失敗后,這個(gè)郁悶的發(fā)明家干脆丟了一塊到嘴里!
大發(fā)現(xiàn):他居然喜歡!
結(jié)果:亞當(dāng)紐約一號(hào)成為了世界上第一個(gè)大批量生產(chǎn)的口香糖!
Inventor: Thomas Adams
Year: 1870
What Happened: He was experimenting with chicle, the sap from a South American tree,as a substitute for rubber. After mounting failures, the dejected invent or popped a piece into his mouth。
Big Discovery: He liked it!
As a result: Adams New York No. 1 became the first mass-produced chewing gum in the world.
4.肉毒素發(fā)明者:卡盧瑟夫婦
時(shí)間:1987年
事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò):這對(duì)夫妻本來(lái)是小劑量地使用這種致命毒素(肉毒桿菌)來(lái)治療斗雞眼和其他眼部肌肉疾病的,而他們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)了藥物的一些副作用。
大發(fā)現(xiàn):副作用就是,眼部周圍的皺紋都奇跡般的消失了!
結(jié)果:肉毒桿菌被大量運(yùn)用于美容界,雖然注射之后會(huì)導(dǎo)致整張臉僵硬!
Inventors: Alastair and Jean Carruthers
Year: 1987
WhatHappened: The couple were using small doses of a deadly toxin to treat"crossed eyes" eyelid spasms and other eye-muscle disorders when theynoticed an interesting side effect。
BigDiscovery: Wrinkles magically disappeared。
As a result: The expressionless face became the"it" look, thanks to Botox.
5.艾萬(wàn)可發(fā)明者:Pfizer公司的科學(xué)家們
時(shí)間:1992年
事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò):為尋找治療心絞痛的解藥,一個(gè)威爾士小村莊被夷為平地。盡管損失巨大,科學(xué)研究卻沒(méi)有取得任何進(jìn)展。
大發(fā)現(xiàn):盡管沒(méi)有成功,參與研究的人員卻拒絕放棄他們的藥。
結(jié)果:科學(xué)家們把研究轉(zhuǎn)向,終于把名為Viagra(中文名稱艾萬(wàn)可,不用明說(shuō)了吧……)投入市場(chǎng),而目的卻與剛開始大相徑庭。
Inventors: Scientists at Pfizer
Year: 1992
What Happened: A Welsh hamlet was ground zero for a test on a pill to fight angina.Unfortunately for the afflicted, it had little success against the disease。
Big Discovery: Though it didn't work, the men taking part in the study refused togive up their medicine。
As a result: The scientists switched gears and marketed the drug, Viagra, for a very different purpose.
Make good use of them.
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