2017職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工A翻譯練習(xí)-1

What Is a Dream?

For centuries，people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact，many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person‘s mind and emotions.

Before modern times，many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

The Austrian psychologist，Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book，The interpretation of Dreams (1900)，F(xiàn)reud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person‘s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings，thoughts，and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.

The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud‘s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example，people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand，people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example，psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California，Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person‘s daily life，thoughts，and behavior. A criminal，for example，might dream about crime.

Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff，dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example，the people in men‘s dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world，including both modern and traditional ones.

Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However，one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur，you shouldn‘t panic. The dream may have meaning，but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

參考翻譯：

夢(mèng)想是什么?

幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，人們對(duì)他們的夢(mèng)想的奇怪的事情。一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這種夜間活動(dòng)的想法沒(méi)有特殊意義。其他人，然而，認(rèn)為夢(mèng)是我們生活的重要組成部分。事實(shí)上，許多專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)可以告訴我們一個(gè)人的思想和感情。

Before modern times，many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

近代以前，很多人認(rèn)為夢(mèng)包含來(lái)自上帝的信息。只有在第二十世紀(jì)，人們開(kāi)始研究的一種科學(xué)方法的夢(mèng)想。

The Austrian psychologist，Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book，The interpretation of Dreams (1900)，F(xiàn)reud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person‘s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings，thoughts，and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.

奧地利心理學(xué)家弗洛依德，西格蒙德，可能是科學(xué)研究的第一人的夢(mèng)想。在他最著名的書(shū)，夢(mèng)的解析(1900)，佛洛伊德認(rèn)為夢(mèng)是愿望的表達(dá)。他認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)表達(dá)人們的情感，思想，和恐懼，他們害怕在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的表達(dá)。

The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud‘s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example，people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand，people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

瑞士心理學(xué)家卡爾jung2也曾經(jīng)是一名佛洛伊德。榮，然而，有夢(mèng)想，有不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。榮格認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)的目的是傳達(dá)一個(gè)訊息的夢(mèng)想家。他認(rèn)為，人們可以通過(guò)他們的夢(mèng)想更多了解自己學(xué)習(xí)。例如，人夢(mèng)想下降可以了解到他們有過(guò)高的自己的意見(jiàn)。另一方面，那些夢(mèng)想成為英雄可以學(xué)習(xí)，他們認(rèn)為自己太小。

Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example，psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California，Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person‘s daily life，thoughts，and behavior. A criminal，for example，might dream about crime.

現(xiàn)代心理學(xué)家繼續(xù)發(fā)展有關(guān)夢(mèng)的理論。例如，心理學(xué)家威廉Domhoff來(lái)自加利福尼亞大學(xué)，圣克魯斯，認(rèn)為夢(mèng)是緊密相連的一個(gè)人的日常生活，思想，行為。犯罪，例如，可能夢(mèng)想的犯罪。

Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff，dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

多姆霍夫認(rèn)為，有夢(mèng)想和年齡之間的連接。他的研究表明，兒童不是夢(mèng)像成年人一樣。根據(jù)多姆霍夫，做夢(mèng)是一種心理技巧，需要時(shí)間來(lái)發(fā)展。

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example，the people in men‘s dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world，including both modern and traditional ones.

他還發(fā)現(xiàn)，夢(mèng)和性別之間的聯(lián)系。他的研究表明，男性和女性的夢(mèng)想是不同的。例如，在男人的夢(mèng)想的人往往是其他人，而夢(mèng)想往往涉及戰(zhàn)斗。這不是女人的夢(mèng)想成真。3多姆霍夫發(fā)現(xiàn)這種性別差異在人們的夢(mèng)想從11世界各地的文化，包括現(xiàn)代和傳統(tǒng)的。

Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However，one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur，you shouldn‘t panic. The dream may have meaning，but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

夢(mèng)可以幫助我們了解自己?jiǎn)?心理學(xué)家繼續(xù)嘗試用不同的方法回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。然而，有一件事他們同意這種說(shuō)法：如果你夢(mèng)見(jiàn)什么可怕的事情將要發(fā)生，你不應(yīng)該恐慌。夢(mèng)想可能是有意義的，但這并不意味著一些可怕的事情會(huì)發(fā)生。記得夢(mèng)的世界不是真實(shí)的世界是很重要的。