形容詞和副詞的比較等級
比較等級分為原級、比較級和最高級。
1.原級用法
?、?表示被比較雙方在某一方面相等或相同時, 用as + adj / adv + as結(jié)構(gòu), 表示“…和…一樣” 。如:
a. Xiao Li is as tall as his sister.
b. It is as cold today as it was yesterday.
c. There are as many seats in this hall as in that hall.
?、?表示被比較雙方在某一方面不相等或不同時, 用not as / so + adj / adv + as, 表示“…和…不一樣”
a. Xiao Li is not as / so tall as his brother.
b. It is not so / as cold today as yesterday.
c. There are not so / as many seats in this hall as in that hall.
2.比較級的用法
① 對方比較,表示一方超過另一方時,用“比較級 + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如:
This picture is more beautiful than that one.
② 表示一方不及另一方時,用“less + 原級 + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如:
This room is less beautiful than that one.
?、?表示一方超過另一方的程度或數(shù)量時,可在比較級前加表示程度的狀語,如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by fay等修飾。如:
He works even harder than before.
注意:英語的比較級前如無even、still或yet等時,譯成漢語時可用“較”或“…一些”或不譯出,一般不可有“更”。如:
She is better than she was yesterday.
Please come earlier tomorrow.
另注意:by far通常用于強調(diào)最高級。用于比較級時,一般放在比較級的后面,如在前面,應在二者中間加“the”。如:
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
?、?表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時,用“the + 比較級(主語 + 謂語),the + 比較級(主語 + 謂語)”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意為“越……越……”)。如:
The harder he works, the happier he feels.
⑤ 不與其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改變時,用“比較級 + and + 比較級”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
The weather is getting colder and colder.
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.
?、?某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進行比較時,用to代替than。這些詞有inferior(劣等的,次的)、superior(較好的,優(yōu)于……)、junior(資歷較淺的)、senior(資格較老的)、prior(在……之前)等。
He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry.