一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時主要用于:
1 、表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一時期中發(fā)生的動作或情況,即多次動作的總和。
e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month.
How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven`t seen each other.
2 、表示對現(xiàn)在有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動作。
e.g. The delegation has left 代表團已經(jīng)走了(說明現(xiàn)在不在這里)
Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。
與這一時態(tài)連用的時間狀語有:
already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語,連詞 since 引導的時間狀語從句。
一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別:
一般過去時:重在說明動作在過去發(fā)生時的具體情況(時間、地點、方式、對象、細節(jié)等)。
現(xiàn)在完成時:只提起已發(fā)生的動作(事實)及其影響,不說明動作發(fā)生時的具體情況。
cf. Have you had your lunch?
What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall,_and_I went there last summer with my father.
注:現(xiàn)在完成時表達的動作常具有反復性,故下面一句是錯的:
Have you seen the six thirty`s news program?
應改為:
Did you see the six thirty`s news program?