初中英語語法：動(dòng)詞的類別與特征中的注意點(diǎn)

　　動(dòng)詞的類別與特征中的注意點(diǎn)

　　1.兼作Vt.,　Vi.的動(dòng)詞

　　(1)對兼作Vt.,　Vi.的動(dòng)詞，要注意根據(jù)不同的情況選擇使用。

　　The children are flying their kites in the square.( Vt.)

　　We saw a plane flying high up in the sky.( Vi.)

　　(2)有些動(dòng)詞后跟從句時(shí)為Vt.，其它情況為Vi.，但意義基本不變。典型的有wonder, think, insist, agree,等。

　　The headmaster insisted that the students should wear school uniforms .

　　The headmaster insisted on the students wearing school uniforms.

　　(3)有些動(dòng)詞在Vt. Vi.之間，意義有所不同。如run, stand, lie等

　　She stood alone under the tree.

　　I can’t stand such cold weather.

　　2.常用的雙賓動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive, teach, lend, bring, explain, send, offer, pay, sell, buy, tell, show, write, ask, wish, read等，這些動(dòng)詞都帶有一定的趨向性。因此轉(zhuǎn)換成帶介詞的情況時(shí)，?？捎胒or , to 來轉(zhuǎn)換。

　　注意：explain sth. to sb.=explain to sb. sth., describe sth. to sb.=describe to sb. sth.

　　3.帶賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞，注意賓補(bǔ)的邏輯主語是動(dòng)詞賓語

　　賓補(bǔ)常是名詞、形容詞、介詞短語，副詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞等。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有make, have, let, get, keep, find, see, feel, notice等，但要注意不同的動(dòng)詞有不同的接法。

　　He kept the children 　　(keep不能用不定式作賓補(bǔ))

　　Make…do, have…do/doing/done，get…to do/done, find…doing/done, leave…to do/doing/介詞短語/a./ad., see…doing/do/done

　　4.后面常接-ing的動(dòng)詞及短語：suggest, finish, avoid, can’t help, mind, need, enjoy, require, postpone, delay, practice, fancy, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, deny, admit, endure, escape, miss, appreciate, dislike, have a good time doing, put off, call off, give up

　　5.有些動(dòng)詞后面接to do 和-ing時(shí)意義基本相同，而有的則完全不同，要注意

　　Love, like, hate, forget, remember, stop, begin, start, continue, prefer, regret, intend, mean, want, need, require, neglect, try, deserve, can’t bear等

　　6.注意狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選用

　　Mother asked the son to notice his manners at the party. (notice就改為mind)

　　再如：listen/hear, look/see, look for/find, advise/persuade, marry/be married, join/be in等。

　　7.注意have表“有”時(shí)，及系動(dòng)詞一般不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

　　8.注意表示“有”時(shí)，have與there be 的選用

　　9.注意動(dòng)詞詞組分類(見<零距離>)，尤其要注意各類動(dòng)詞詞組的使用特點(diǎn)及有的動(dòng)詞詞組的主被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換使用。

　　Make use of sth→sth is made use of(介詞不要掉了)/use is made of sth.

　　10.Hope, intend, expect, plan, want, think, mean 等動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)表示沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，計(jì)劃，打算等

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