[高中]全新語法:指示代詞的特殊用法

五、指示代詞的特殊用法

1.those特殊句式

（1）復(fù)數(shù)：those who意為“那些……的人們”

It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy.據(jù)說吃得最多的人身體最差。

Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些預(yù)先訂票的人才可以進(jìn)去。

（2）單數(shù)：one who/he who意為“那個(gè)……的人”

One who likes borrowing dislikes paying.喜歡借的人不喜歡買。

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。

2.the same的用法

（1）“the same ...as/that”句式

This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.這個(gè)書包和我昨天丟失的一模一樣。

She is the same girl that I sat next to yesterday.

她和昨天坐在我旁邊的那個(gè)女孩是同一個(gè)人。

【比較】

①This is the same knife as I lost.這把小刀和我遺失的那把一樣。（不是同一把小刀）

②This is the same knife that I lost.這就是我遺失的那把小刀。（是同一把小刀）

（2）“it’s the same with ...”句式，表示“……也是如此”。

He wants to go abroad，and it is the same with me.他想出國，我也一樣。

Butterflies come from caterpillars.It’s the same with moths.

蝴蝶由毛蟲演變而來。飛蛾也是一樣。

3.such的用法

（1）指代前面或后面提到過的某個(gè)人或某件事。

He noticed her necklace.Such jewels must have cost thousands，he thought.

他注意到了她的項(xiàng)鏈。這一定值幾千元，他想。

Such is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight.

這就是電視的影響，它可以使人一夜成名。

（2）such置于句首時(shí)往往用全部倒裝，表示“這樣的人（或事物）；上述的人（或事物）”。

Such were her words.她就是這么說的。

Such is their decision.他們的決定就是這樣。

Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man of great achievements.

這就是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦，一位簡(jiǎn)樸但成就輝煌的人。

（3）“such ...as ...”句式，意為“像……這樣的”。

I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.

我從未聽過他講那樣的故事。（as引導(dǎo)定語從句）

He is such a good teacher as we all respect.

他是一位我們大家都尊敬的好老師。（as引導(dǎo)定語從句）

（4）“such ...that ...”句式，意為“如此……以至于……”。

It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep.

這演講枯燥無味，聽得我都睡著了。（that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句）

He is such a dishonest boy that nobody believes him.

他是不誠實(shí)的孩子，以致沒人信任他。（that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句）

（5）such as意為“例如，像……”。

He knows many languages，such as Chinese，German and French.

他會(huì)很多種語言，例如：中文、德文和法文。（列舉其中一部分例子）

Noise，for example，is a kind of pollution.

舉例說明，噪音就是一種污染。（舉同類人或物中的“一個(gè)”為例）

（6）such a+單數(shù)名詞，such+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞。

He spent all his money，he is such a fool.他真傻，花光了所有的錢。

They are such kind men.他們是如此和藹可親的人。

Today is such nice weather！ 今天天氣真好！

（7）no，all，few，many，each，every，several，other，another，one，two等要置于such之前。

All such books are interesting.這類書全都很有趣。

I have met many such people.我見過許多這樣的人。

I need one such dictionary.我需要一本這樣的詞典。

There are no such things now.現(xiàn)在沒有這樣的事情了。

Every such possibility must be considered.所有類似的可能性都要考慮到。

I hope never to meet another such accident.我希望永遠(yuǎn)不要再遇上這樣的事故。

We have had several such Chinese paintings already.我們已經(jīng)有好幾幅這樣的中國畫了。

【辨析】

【正】There is no such thing.（no such后不用a）

【誤】There is no such a thing.（no=not a）