[高中]全新語(yǔ)法:介詞的用法 三、表示原因

三、表示原因

1.簡(jiǎn)單介詞

（1）at 表示某種起因，與“喜，怒，吃驚”等詞連用。

I was frightened at the terrible sight.看到這可怕的情景，我嚇壞了。

You don’t look very surprised at the good news.

聽(tīng)到好消息，你好像并不吃驚。

（2）with表示某種心理的原因。

His face went red with anger.他的臉因生氣變紅了。

The boy jumped with joy.男孩高興得跳起來(lái)。

He was angry with what I did.他對(duì)我所做的很氣憤。

She sighed with relief when she heard the good news.

聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，她寬慰地舒了口氣。

（3）over 用于帶有感情色彩的cry，weep，laugh，mourn，sigh等詞后，表示事情的起因。

All of us mourned over his death.我們大家哀悼他的去世。

The couple quarreled over the price of a load of hay.夫妻兩個(gè)因?yàn)橐粨?dān)干草的價(jià)格爭(zhēng)吵。

Is he still weeping over his lost dog？ 他還在為那條跑失的狗傷心嗎？

She sighed over her unhappy fate.她悲嘆自己不幸的命運(yùn)。

（4）from接抽象名詞表示自然或間接原因。

He suffered from a bad cold.他患重傷風(fēng)。

She felt sick from tiredness.她累得渾身不對(duì)勁。

I was tired from having sat up all night.我因熬夜而感到疲憊。

（5）of表示自身的原因

His father died of cancer.他父親死于癌癥。

He is proud of being a Chinese.他為自己是一個(gè)中國(guó)人而自豪。

（6）for表示為了某一目的、事業(yè)的原因，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

Thank you for your last letter.謝謝你上次的來(lái)信。

Thank you for teaching us so well.感謝你如此盡心地教我們。

Forgive me for keeping you waiting.原諒我讓你久等了。

The West Lake is well-known for its scenery.西湖以它的風(fēng)景聞名。

2.介詞短語(yǔ)

（1）because of 表示引起結(jié)果的直接原因。

The football match was cancelled because of rain.由于下雨，足球賽被取消了。

He retired last week because of illness.他由于生病，上星期退休了。

（2）thanks to 表示某種幸運(yùn)結(jié)果的原因，意為“多虧了、幸虧……”。

Thanks to your help，we finished the work ahead of time.

多虧了你的幫助，我們提前完成了工作。

Thanks to the timely rain，the farmers had a good harvest.

多虧了及時(shí)雨，農(nóng)民們有了好收成。

（3）owning to 相當(dāng)于because of，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

Owing to our joint efforts，the task was finished.

由于我們的共同努力，任務(wù)完成了。

（4）due to 相當(dāng)于because of，可作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。

My illness was due to bad food.我的病是吃壞的。（表語(yǔ)）

The flight was cancelled due to the fog.班機(jī)因霧停航。（狀語(yǔ)）

（5）out of 表示動(dòng)機(jī)的起因，意為“出于……的原因”。

He did it out of concern for everyone.他這樣做是出于對(duì)大家的關(guān)心。

The traffic accident happened out of careless driving.

這起交通事故是由于粗心駕駛所致。