托福聽力細節(jié)題實例講解解題技巧（1）

　　一. 托福聽力細節(jié)題通常是怎么提問的?

　　托福聽力細節(jié)題的提問方式通常有三種，分別是：

　　What point does the professor make when he mentions XXX?

　　According to the professor, what have the researchers agreed on?

　　What does the professor say about XXX?

　　二.托福聽力細節(jié)題有哪些解題技巧?(實例解析)

　　細節(jié)題的出題點比較固定，只要你能聽出提示詞，抓住相關(guān)的大部分內(nèi)容，那么細節(jié)題還是很容易得分的。細節(jié)題的出題點大概分為如下幾個方面：

　　1.對聽力中的example提問

　　對話或者講座中的舉例一般都是細節(jié)題喜歡考察的點。它的提示詞要么是for example, for instance, like, in this case這類的連接詞，要么是具體的事例的名詞。

　　實例解析：

　　What example does the professor give of a meme’s longevity?

　　l A story has been changing since it first appeared in the 1930s

　　l A person remembers a story for many years

　　l A gene is passed on through many generations without changing

　　l A song quickly becomes popular all over the world

　　這道題是TPO5的第二個講座的題目。教授的這段話是這樣的：

　　First, longevity. A replicator must exist long enough to be able to get copied, and transfer its information. Clearly, the longer a replicator survives, the better its chances of getting its message copied and passed on. So longevity is a key characteristic of a replicator. If you take the alligator story, it can exist for a long time in individual memory, let’s say, my memory. I can tell you the story now or ten years from now, the same with the twinkle, twinkle song. So these memes have longevity because they are memorable for one reason or another.

　　這段話的前半部分介紹的是理論，然后通過這個鱷魚的故事來解釋這個理論。所以這道題的答案也是顯而易見的B選項。

　　2.對聽力材料中的提到的定義或者解釋類的內(nèi)容提問

　　在聽力中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)一些專有名詞，有些專有名詞一帶而過，有些專有名詞會在后面給出解釋，如果我們聽到帶有解釋的專有名詞，就需要提起注意，因為它可能是一個考點。它的提示詞有：it refers to，that is，that means，This is to say，in other words，in another words等。

　　實例解析：

　　What started the runway effect that led to the Sahara area of north Africa becoming a desert

　　l the prevailing winds became stronger

　　l the seasonal rains moved to a different area

　　l the vegetation started to die off in large areas

　　l the soil lost its ability to retain rainwater

　　教授是這樣說的：

　　What the Sahara experienced was um…a sort of“runaway drying effect”. As I said the monsoon migrated itself, so there was less rain in the Sahara. The land started to get drier, which in turn caused huge decrease in the amount of vegetation, because vegetation doesn’t grow as well in dry soil, right? And then, less vegetation means the soil can’t hold water as well, the soil loses its ability to retain water when it does rain. So then you have less moisture to help clouds form, nothing to evaporate for cloud formation. And then the cycle continues, less rain, drier soil, less vegetation, fewer clouds, less rain etc. etc..

　　教授說完“runaway drying effect”之后，并沒有轉(zhuǎn)移話題，而是接著介紹了這個effect的過程到底是什么樣的。如果我們能聽到“runaway drying effect”之后的解釋，那么這道題也可以迎刃而解。

　　3.針對聽力材料中的原因進行提問

　　在聽力中，因為考慮到學生的能力，所以句子跟句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系沒有閱讀中那么復雜。因果關(guān)系是其中最好表述的一種，所以在聽力中也是很常見的。它也是考點之一。前因后果：therefore，consequently，as a consequence，result in，lead to。前果后因：result from，originate from，arise out of。

　　實例解析：

　　According to the professor, what led scientists to characterize the Nightcap Oak as primitive

　　l it has no evolutionary connection to other trees growing in Australia today

　　l it has an inefficient reproductive system

　　l its flower are located at the bases of the leaves

　　l it is similar to some ancient fossils

　　教授說：

　　Now another interesting thing about the Nightcap Oak is that it represents a very old type kind of tree that grew a hundred million years ago. Um, we found fossils that old that bear remarkable resemblance to the tree. So, it’s a primitive tree. A living fossil you might say.

　　我們可以看出，fossils that old that bear remarkable resemblance to the treeà it’s a primitive tree。本題給出結(jié)果，對原因題型提問。所以D選項正確。