聽力考點詞是命題者所設計最重要的原文與題目中重疊使用的詞語,當然這里的重疊包括原詞重現(xiàn),同義替換反義詞駁斥等現(xiàn)象;根據(jù)表述內容,也可以解讀為原詞重現(xiàn)、句式類重現(xiàn),抽象概念具體表述和推測表述重現(xiàn)等。在聽力過程中如果考生可以識別及記錄原文考點詞的表述含義,即可輕松在選項中找到明確答案,反之則題目應答無法完成。
下面就為大家舉例說明聽力考點詞的重要性,ETS發(fā)布的TOEFL Practice Online(TPO)第23套練習中,可以看到在Conversation 1中第5題的命題考點與TPO 4中Lecture 4第5題的考點詞設計一致,對比如下:
【TPO 4 Lecture 4 Question 5】
答案選項:Even artists do not agree on whether the government should support the arts.
原 文:The arguments both for and against government funding of the arts are as many and as varied as the individual styles of the artists who hold them.
考點詞: funding=support
【TPO 23 Conversation 1 Question 5】
答案選項:To assure the man that the event has the support of the French department.
原 文:But the French Department is funding this, on the condition that we do all the legwork.
考點詞: funding=support
fund 一詞的含義是“投資;資助”,同義表達是“suppor(t支持;扶持)”。假設考生熟悉這個同義轉述,那么這兩道題就可以輕松得到答案,而這個詞在托福lecture中也有所提及。
再來看一個例子:
Ok. Last time we finished going over some of the fundamental concepts of nanotechnology, the multi-disciplinary science (of manipulating or controlling extremely small units of matter on the scale of molecules or even atoms).
這話中要知道的關鍵詞是nanotechnology,但大多考生是知道后面的尾詞某種科技的意思,于是lecture里面用另一個相關的詞代替關鍵詞的定義the multi-displinary science又是什么呢?我們知道of后面就是對于這個概念的分析:manipulating or controlling extremely small units of matter on the scale of molecules or even atoms (在原子或分子量級上操控小單位物質),因此我們可以從括號里得知這個nanotechnology是什么意思,就避免關鍵詞不知道導致文章出錯,另外要強調的是or和and都表示兩者意思相近所以括號里的manipulating等于or后面的意思。