對(duì)于托福聽力,普遍有考生反映聽力聽不懂,經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)聽完題目,不知道如何答題。所以,對(duì)于聽力素材的把握,顯得特別關(guān)鍵。找到聽力題型的出題方式,高頻詞匯,把握解題技巧,不但能節(jié)約時(shí)間,而且可以提高我們的正確率。在這里,小編就給大家分享一下托福聽力考前必看的聽力素材及題型講解。
一、 托福聽力五大題型
1. 主旨題
(1) 提問方式
a) What problem does the man have?
b) What are the speakers mainly discussing? c) What is the main topic of the lecture? d) What is the lecture mainly about?
e) What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss? f) Why does the student visit the professor?
g) Why does the student visit the registrar’s office? h) Why did the professor ask to see the student? i) Why does the professor explain X? (2) 筆記技巧
無筆記,通過整體感知提煉主旨,相信第1印象 (3) 答題原則
a) 注意干擾選項(xiàng)特征:不精確、不相關(guān)、太寬泛、太具體 b) 注意對(duì)話中的一致性問題,區(qū)分內(nèi)容與目的 c) 注意對(duì)話雙方目的不同
2. 細(xì)節(jié)題
(1) 提問方式
a) According to the professor, what is one way that X can affect Y?
b) According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory? 、
c) What is X?
d) What resulted from the invention of X? (2) 筆記技巧
a) 六大要點(diǎn):程序procedures、定義definitions、舉例examples、原因和影響
causes and effects(羅列不需記)、問題和回答questions and answers、贊成和反對(duì)pros and cons
b) 多次出現(xiàn)的詞要記 c) 注意否定詞 (3) 答題原則
a) 注意干擾選項(xiàng)特征:相似表達(dá)但不完全一致、相同詞匯但表達(dá)意思不同、
與原文相矛盾、原文未提及
b) 無法確定的則選擇與主題的選項(xiàng)
3. 重聽題
(1) 提問方式
a) What does the professor imply when he says this? b) What is the purpose of the woman’s response?
c) What can be inferred from the professor’s response to the student? d) Why does the student say this?
e) What can be inferred about the student when she says this? f) What does the woman mean when she says this? (2) 筆記技巧
重聽時(shí)無需做筆記
(3) 答題原則
a) 重聽開始前先迅速掃讀選項(xiàng),并作出預(yù)測(cè) b) 第二遍最關(guān)鍵
c) 理解說話人的真實(shí)意圖而不僅僅只是字面意思
(4) 習(xí)語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)
a) Tell me about it! 那還用說!(表示強(qiáng)烈贊同) b) You name it! 不再討論其他的了
That sort of thing, you see? To name just a few. The list goes on.
c) Put it together 表示總結(jié)
All in all In a nutshell
d) I don’t know about that. 表示委婉拒絕 e) I think you get the picture. 你懂的。 f) Get ahead of 到?之前
g) Off the top of my head 想到什么就說什么
4. 表格題
(1) 提問方式
a) 排序 b) 判斷正誤 c) 平行/分類
(2) 筆記技巧
a) 注意標(biāo)記事物發(fā)展順序,特別是有first、besides、finally等連接詞的部分 b) 注意記錄否定詞
d) 注意平行結(jié)構(gòu)要使用雙欄式記錄方式 e) 注意分類結(jié)構(gòu)要留足空處進(jìn)行記錄 (3) 答題原則
a) 未記下的信息可根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷,但盡量以筆記為準(zhǔn) b) 選項(xiàng)數(shù)量分配基本一致
5. 推斷題
(1) 提問方式
a) What can be inferred about the student? b) What is the professor’s attitude toward X? c) What is the professor’s opinion of X? d) What does the professor imply about X? e) What will the student probably do next? f) What can be inferred about X?
(2) 筆記技巧
a) 注意標(biāo)記句子的內(nèi)涵和說話人語(yǔ)氣,多為v. adj. adv. b) 六大要點(diǎn):與細(xì)節(jié)題相同
二、 托福聽力考試得高分的技巧
聽力2個(gè)對(duì)話4個(gè)演講
包含兩個(gè)對(duì)話,每個(gè)對(duì)話涉及2個(gè)或2個(gè)以上的說話者,每個(gè)對(duì)話對(duì)應(yīng)5道試題。
包含4段演講(包括教室對(duì)話在內(nèi)),每段演講對(duì)應(yīng)6道試題
聽力部分共包括34道試題。每道試題是1-2分,共34-36分。
聽力部分的時(shí)間大約是40分鐘。每個(gè)對(duì)話是2-3分鐘,每個(gè)演講是4-6分鐘。
考生可以在聽錄音的過程中做筆記幫助答題。
托福聽力訓(xùn)練技巧:聽寫和跟讀模仿
在平時(shí)的時(shí)候可以采取聽寫和跟讀模仿來對(duì)基本實(shí)力進(jìn)行提升。聽寫是為了徹徹底底的清除自己的聽力盲點(diǎn)和死角。因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)候我們平時(shí)在聽完段子后總覺得自己沒有問題,對(duì)段子懂了,可是發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)我們真正要把自己聽到的東西寫下來的時(shí)候卻發(fā)現(xiàn),原來自己有很多想當(dāng)然的東西居然出現(xiàn)了問題。
托福聽力訓(xùn)練技巧:練習(xí)聽力基本功
所謂的基本實(shí)力就是要能聽懂聽力段子中的所講的內(nèi)容,基本實(shí)力的提高在于平時(shí)的積累。而考試技巧主要指對(duì)題型熟悉以及相應(yīng)題型的出題點(diǎn),這個(gè)可以在短時(shí)間里面得到很好的訓(xùn)練和提升。
三、 聽力題目中遇到的租房高頻詞匯
land/lord, land/lady
types dormitory hostel hotel flat,bedsitters
surroundings rural areas, suburb, downtown
rooms single room, double bedroom, bathroom, kitchen,balcony
facilities shower, central heater(ing), radiators, refrigerator
bed central air-conditioning(中央空調(diào))。
electric stores(電爐),radiators(暖氣)
ectricity,utensil(器具、用具、家庭用具)
facilities in bed bed linen, spread(床罩),pillow, mattress, sheet, blanket, cushion
parts entrance hall(lobby, porch)
personal information
of boarders: pay weekly/monthly
lease, utilities, unfurnished/furnished,
blackout(停電) guests and hours
四、 托福聽力中出現(xiàn)的意思相近詞匯
列舉Enumeration:and, too, finally, furthermore, first(ly), second, third, last, another, next
補(bǔ)充Continuation:also, in addition, and,further, another, as well as
比較或反差Comparison or Contrast:
比較類like, likewise, as, similarly, at the same time,as well as, both, all,in comparison,
反差類 on the other hand,in contrast, despite,nevertheless,yet, instead,rather, notwithstanding,though, regardless, unlike,although, even though,whereas but, in spite of,on the contrary, however
時(shí)間順序Time-Sequence:first, later, next, finally, before, after, now, previously, last, then, when, immediately, formerly, subsequently, presently, initially, ultimately meanwhile
五 、托福聽力熱門場(chǎng)景之生活狀態(tài)用語(yǔ),如下:
1、If you don’t work hard today, you’ll try hard to look for a new job tomorrow.今天工作不努力,明天努力找工作。
2、Harry found a job in the company.哈利在這家公司找到了工作。Henry works with the bank.亨利在銀行上班。
3、His parents lost their job, and his family couldn’t afford him to go to college.他的父母失業(yè)了,無法支持他上大學(xué)。
表示“失業(yè)”的說法還有:be laid off, get a pink note, be dismissed, be fired, be given the bush, be given the sack, be axed, give the boot, get canned等等。
4、Now John has decided to turn over a new leaf and go to school on time every day.現(xiàn)在約翰決定改過自新,每天準(zhǔn)時(shí)上學(xué)。
5、We live on salary but can’t feed on it. We can’t get what we want in the faraway town.我們靠工資生活,但不能吃鈔票。在這個(gè)偏僻的小鎮(zhèn)我們就是買不到想要的東西。
6、The beggars lived by begging in the street.這些乞丐靠在街頭乞討為生。
7、Grandpa told me in the old days they lived a miserable life.祖父告訴我在舊社會(huì)他們過著悲慘的生活。
類似的說法有:live/lead a happy life(過著幸福的生活), live a dog’s life(過著牛馬不如的生活), live a great life(生的偉大), live up to one’s expectation(不辜負(fù)某人的期望), live a lie(過著虛偽的生活)等。
以上就是小編為大家準(zhǔn)備的相關(guān)內(nèi)容了,建議大家平時(shí)注意素材的積累,這樣在考試中我們才能有一個(gè)好的心態(tài)和狀態(tài)去考出自己理想的成績(jī),更多托福干貨敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注聽力課堂托??荚囶l道。
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