托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)話題的分析

　　通常來說題目都不需要考生具備某一學(xué)科的專業(yè)知識(shí)，第一題是有關(guān)選擇相關(guān)的人物，地點(diǎn)，事物或時(shí)間并就其發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)，第二題是就兩種可能的情況做出選擇。例如：

　　1. Describe an object that is very special in your life. Explain why this object is important to you.

　　2. Some universities require students to participate in community service activities. What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of having such a policy? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　在回答的時(shí)候，要通過舉例或細(xì)節(jié)描述支持論點(diǎn)，表達(dá)時(shí)可以運(yùn)用定義，描寫，比較，比喻或舉例等合適的方法。恰當(dāng)?shù)募?xì)節(jié)描述來支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)。例如：就上面的兩個(gè)問題來回答：

　　1. Describe an object that is very special in your life. Explain why this object is important to you.加入收藏

　　The object that is special for me is the book Harry potter one. I cherish it very much for the following several reasons. First, it is a present that my mother gave to me as my eleventh birthday gift. Second, after reading this book, I found books are actually amazing; the plots in it are quite impressive. And then, I developed an interest in reading books. I really appreciate that the book brings me to this fantastic world. Finally, by talking about the book, I meet so many friends that have the common interest of me. Therefore, this book is truly special for me, I'll cherish it forever.

　　分析：首先明確指出了書的名字：Harry potter one. 開門見山。很多時(shí)候中國(guó)考生說話喜歡兜圈子，話說了好多，但還沒有說到要點(diǎn)。這是不對(duì)的，美國(guó)人的思維是看門見山，直截了當(dāng)?shù)恼f出自己的觀點(diǎn)。接下來，采用了First, Second, Finally這樣的詞匯來闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，這樣可以讓聽者很清晰的把握內(nèi)容的脈絡(luò)，很具有條理性。而且在論證的過程中還才采用了大量的細(xì)節(jié)描述，after reading this book, I found books are actually amazing; the plots in it are quite impressive. And then, I developed an interest in reading books. I really appreciate that the book brings me to this fantastic world. 使回答的內(nèi)容更具有了說服力，內(nèi)容完成，回答縝密。

　　2. Some universities require students to participate in community service activities. What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of having such a policy? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　There are both advantages and disadvantages of a policy that requires students to participate in community service activities. One of the advantages is that it might help students understand the importance of good will and charity. Another advantage is that it will help students understand other people better. The most important advantage of such a policy is that it will help bridge gaps between different age, class, and ethnic groups. Some people might also argue that there are some drawbacks to having such a policy. One of those disadvantages might be that forcing people to do things they don't want to do usually has some kind of consequence. Furthermore, when people are receiving help from others, they usually give their trust to their helpers; if the volunteers don't want to be there, it might prevent some people from helping.

　　分析：總體來看，內(nèi)容完整，條理清晰，很自然的就能從回答中獲得所需要的信息。先說出了問題的優(yōu)勢(shì)，再指出劣勢(shì)。而且關(guān)系一層層的遞進(jìn)，例如：One of the advantages, Another advantage, The most important advantage. 這樣讀下來，可以輕松的知道優(yōu)勢(shì)在哪。 同樣，在說劣勢(shì)的時(shí)候，也采用了這種形式：One of those disadvantages, Furthermore. 論證的時(shí)候能通過舉例,細(xì)節(jié)描述去證明觀點(diǎn)： Furthermore, when people are receiving help from others, they usually give their trust to their helpers; if the volunteers don't want to be there, it might prevent some people from helping. 這樣是內(nèi)容更加豐滿了。在提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，一般來說至少要用2個(gè)以上的論據(jù)去支撐自己的論點(diǎn)，否則就會(huì)顯得太單薄，缺乏感染力和說服力，也會(huì)造成讓人覺得口語(yǔ)水平不高等這樣的弊端。所以一定要用細(xì)節(jié)來充實(shí)內(nèi)容。