托福閱讀資料之Scientists unveil the world's smallest computer

　　Scientists from University of Michigan have created the world's smallest computer system to help treat glaucoma patients. At just one square millimeter in size, the tiny device is a pressure monitor that is implanted in a person's eye.

　　It may be small but it packs a hefty punch, containing an ultra low-power microprocessor, a pressure sensor, memory, a thin film battery, a solar cell and a wireless radio with an antenna that can transmit data to an external reader device.

　　The system wakes every 15 minutes to take measurements and consumes an average of 5.3 nanowatts. It can store up to a week's worth of information. It requires exposure to ten hours of indoor light each day or 1.5 hours of sunlight.

　　Researcher said it is the first true millimeter-scale complete computing system. With all the components low-power and fit on the chip, people can collect data, store it and transmit it.

　　The unit is expected to be commercially available in several years, and is already being touted as the future of the computing industry. A network of such units could one day track pollution, monitor structural integrity, perform surveillance, or make virtually any object, according to the scientists.

　　英國《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道稱，美國密歇根大學(xué)的科學(xué)家近日發(fā)明了世界上最小的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)用來治療青光眼患者。該系統(tǒng)面積只有1平方毫米，用于監(jiān)測壓力，可以植入青光眼患者的眼部。

　　系統(tǒng)雖然微小卻五臟俱全，包括耗電極微的微處理器、感壓器、記憶體、薄膜電池，太陽能電池和帶有天線、可以將數(shù)據(jù)傳至外部接收器的無線電臺(tái)。

　　這個(gè)監(jiān)測器每15分鐘“醒”一次，測量數(shù)據(jù)，平均耗電5.3豪微瓦。它可以儲(chǔ)存一周的數(shù)據(jù)信息。它每天只需10小時(shí)的室內(nèi)光線或者1.5小時(shí)的太陽光來充電。

　　研發(fā)人員稱這是第一套真正意義上的毫米級、完整的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。里面所有元件都耗電極低，裝在一塊芯片上，人們可以收集、儲(chǔ)存和發(fā)送信息。

　　這個(gè)微型系統(tǒng)有望在數(shù)年內(nèi)完成商業(yè)化，并且被認(rèn)為是計(jì)算機(jī)工業(yè)的未來發(fā)展方向?？茖W(xué)家稱這種微型系統(tǒng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)后可以用來監(jiān)測污染、建筑結(jié)構(gòu)、巡邏以及追蹤幾乎任何物體。