托福閱讀插入題的正確解題方式

1.不知道從插入句中提取什么線索;

2.常規(guī)解法基本熟練，但不會(huì)靈活使用排除法;

3.驗(yàn)證時(shí)容易犯“只承上”或“只啟下”的錯(cuò)誤。

針對(duì)上述問題，我結(jié)合一道例題給考生一并答疑。

插入句中所提取的線索基本有三種：

a.指代關(guān)系(如this/that/the/such等);

b.邏輯關(guān)系(如因果/轉(zhuǎn)折等);

c.并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(如again/also/another等)。

提取線索的主要目的是預(yù)判上下文的內(nèi)容/情感色彩等，給后面的驗(yàn)證過程提供參考信息。

排除法實(shí)際有兩種：

a.把插入句帶入選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行一一比對(duì);

b.看選項(xiàng)的前后兩句是否本身已有聯(lián)系，如果有便不能再插入一句把該聯(lián)系斷開。“承上啟下”是完美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但有些正確選項(xiàng)并不一定吻合既“承上”又“啟下”的特點(diǎn)(比如段落最前的A或段落最后的D),所以考生在驗(yàn)證選項(xiàng)時(shí)需要“瞻前顧后”，能夠銜接上文并同時(shí)引導(dǎo)下文的選項(xiàng)才是最佳選項(xiàng)。

例題示范：

While some European countries, such as England and Germany, began to industrialize in the eighteenth century, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden developed later. All four of these countries lagged considerably behind in the early nineteenth century. However, they industrialized rapidly in the second half of the century, especially in the last two or three decades. In view of their later start and their lack of coal—undoubtedly the main reason they were not among the early industrializers—it is important to understand the sources of their success.

Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence be added to passage.

During this period, Sweden had the highest rate of growth of output per capita of any country in Europe, and Denmark was second.

Where would the sentence best fit?

解題要點(diǎn)：

從插入句中提取指代關(guān)系詞(this)，預(yù)判上文應(yīng)該提及時(shí)間段(period)，D不符合，可排除;

A選項(xiàng)的上下句已有聯(lián)系(All four of these countries指的就是A選項(xiàng)前的四個(gè)國(guó)家)，不選;B選項(xiàng)的前后兩句已有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(前句講落后，后句講迅速工業(yè)化)，也不選;

解答句子插入題應(yīng)該先確保找準(zhǔn)插入句中的線索，注意正選和排除的結(jié)合，最后驗(yàn)證時(shí)要“瞻前顧后”，做到上下句的整體銜接和連貫。