托福聽力考試中對(duì)語(yǔ)法的考察點(diǎn)

一.But引導(dǎo)的題型。基本每一套托福聽力題中都會(huì)有幾道這樣的題型，解題關(guān)鍵是聽懂but 后面的東西。but就是一個(gè)標(biāo)志，聽見(jiàn)but就該集中注意了，集中注意問(wèn)題也就解決了。試看幾例：

1.) A: Does this music bother your studying, Pam?

B: Actually I’m not studying any more, but I’m trying to sleep.

2.) A: Gee, Tom, I hear that you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the blazing sun all day.

B: Well, it’s hard work, but I get to be outdoors and the pay is decent.

3.) A:I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

B:I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind.

二.回答一般疑問(wèn)句題型。一般疑問(wèn)句在英文中又被叫作Yes or No question，這是因?yàn)閷?duì)這類問(wèn)題的回答只有兩種可能性，要么是yes, 要么是no, 此外別無(wú)選擇。在實(shí)際做托福聽力題時(shí)，此類題型的解題方法就是如果你聽不懂第二個(gè)人說(shuō)的話，你就按照否定第一人的問(wèn)題去回答，于是你就會(huì)得到正確的答案。

A: I need to see a dermatologist. You are familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?

B: I have been seen by her a few times, and the best I can say for her is she has some interesting magazines in her waiting room.

這種題型還可以進(jìn)一步推廣，即當(dāng)?shù)谝蝗顺苏f(shuō)一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句之外，還可以說(shuō)出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，一個(gè)建議，如果第二人說(shuō)的話，你還是覺(jué)得不識(shí)廬山真面目時(shí)，不妨也采用這樣的做題方法。

此類題型的例句舉不勝舉，再看幾例：

1.) Did you meet the new teacher yesterday?

I’ve been sick for 3 days.

2.) Have you read this month’s issue of Inquiry?

What journal is that?

3.) Did you ask Shirley to go to the dance with you?

She is away at a conference until tomorrow.

4.) Were you able to get your own locker at the Gym?

They’re temporarily out of them. I’ve to check again next week.

5.) Do you think Janet will spend a week in the country with us，

Only if she can tear herself away from her books.

6.) Should I buy this exercise record for Linda for her birthday?

She already has the cassette.

7.) Will you come to my poetry reading next week?

I’ll be out of town then.

8.) Have you heard who won the election?

I missed the news and haven’t had time to read the paper

三.虛擬語(yǔ)氣題型。又是一個(gè)托福聽力題型中的必考內(nèi)容，據(jù)小馬過(guò)河專家的統(tǒng)計(jì)，每一套托福聽力題中，必有兩至三道虛擬語(yǔ)氣題型。在托福聽力中，考生需掌握以下幾種常見(jiàn)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：

a) I wish…

b) If only…

c) 由if 引導(dǎo)的與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

d) 由if 引導(dǎo)的與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

e) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式。

該種題型的掌握在于同學(xué)對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣現(xiàn)象和實(shí)質(zhì)的準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識(shí)。

四.習(xí)語(yǔ)題型。托福聽力中最常見(jiàn)的題型就是習(xí)語(yǔ)題型。托福聽力是口語(yǔ)，而習(xí)語(yǔ)的大量涌現(xiàn)正是口語(yǔ)區(qū)別于書面語(yǔ)的重要特征。因此，托福聽力中習(xí)語(yǔ)的重要性可想而知。拿出任何一套托福題稍加研究，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，每套托福題中都會(huì)有好幾道習(xí)語(yǔ)題。

以上四種托福聽力題型都是關(guān)于語(yǔ)法的，對(duì)于大家在平時(shí)的準(zhǔn)備復(fù)習(xí)具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義，所以大家可以在自己準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)候就適當(dāng)?shù)脑黾诱Z(yǔ)法的練習(xí)量，有針對(duì)性的逐一攻破。