【四大步驟】
1. 判斷復合句——選擇一個主從復合句,包含主句和從句等其他分句。
2. 主句的主語不等于從句的主語。
3. 去掉從句的引導詞(如果換成with叫作伴隨狀語,復合結構)。
4. 如果從句時主系表結構的句子,直接去掉從句的系動詞;如果從句是主謂賓結構的句子,將從句的謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞(主動關系用-ing結構;被動關系用-ed結構)。
【例1】并列句
She is broken-heart, for tears are on her powered cheeks. 寸寸柔腸,盈盈粉淚。
→She is broken-heart, tears on her powered cheeks.
或者She is broken-heart, with tears on her powered cheeks.
【例2】時間狀語
When false is taken for true, true becomes false. 假作真時真亦假,無為有處有還無。
→False taken for true, true becomes false.
或者With false taken for true, true becomes false.
【例3】原因狀語
Because the weather became terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. 因為天氣特別冷,所以我們都進屋取暖。
→The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.
或者With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.
【例4】條件狀語
If time permits, we will visit the Summer Palace. 如果時間允許我們就去頤和園。
→Time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.
或者With time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.
【真題例舉】
The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring—means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe.
譯文:當今人與人在很大程度上的平等——即面對自然淘汰法則人人機會均等,并且連子嗣的數(shù)目都一樣——這意味著和印度土著部落的情況相比,自然選擇在印度中上層階級中已喪失了80%的作用。
解析:復合結構everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring可還原為簡單句單獨理解和翻譯,即:Everyone is the same in survival and number of off-spring.