小學生英語演講稿的準備
1.根據(jù)聽眾對象,注意演講的總體措詞
演講的總體措詞是嚴肅一些還是活潑一些,是有較明顯的說教口氣還是用平等的口吻,等等,都要根據(jù)聽眾對象而定。如果場下聽眾是同齡的學生,那么演講的內(nèi)容只要風趣一些往往就能引起共鳴。但另一方面,如果聽眾大多是上了年紀的教師,太多的笑料反而會被認為“不嚴肅”,“不尊重”,而引起反感。
用英語演講,不要用太多 I feel, I think,老是用I,顯得十分主觀,狹隘。如果通篇全是 I feel, I think 的內(nèi)容,會給人覺得缺乏說服力。另外,perhaps, maybe 這樣的詞語,雖然有“客氣,謙虛”的成分,但太多會讓人覺得你演講的內(nèi)容有不可*之處。
還有,在演講中,要少用you,多用we。用you等于把自己與聽眾對立起來,而用we則拉近了與聽眾的距離。比如:You should not smoke.聽上去像教訓人,而 Let’s not smoke聽起來是一個不錯的建議。
2.演講要越短越好
英語演講應該簡潔扼要,直截了當。除非特別需要,一般不要采用中文中的那種迂回曲折的表達形式。據(jù)有關專家統(tǒng)計,一般人的注意力一次只能集中約13分鐘。所以,演講長度以10~15分鐘為宜。下面是一位在全國小學生英語演講比賽中獲獎的演講稿,雖然全文只有短短200多個詞,卻十分精彩,確實值得一讀。
LOVE ENGLISH
Dear teacher and classmates:
I am very glad to make a speech here in this class again! This time, I/’d like to talk something about English.
I love English. English language is now used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on Internet and for international trade. Learning English makes me confident and brings me great pleasure.
When I was seven, my mother sent me to an English school. At there, I played games and sang English songs with other children . Then I discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the English world.
Everyday, I read English following the tapes. Sometimes, I watch English cartoons.
On the weekend, I often go to the English corner. By talking with different people there, I have made more and more friends as well as improved my oral English.
I hope I can travel around the world someday. I want to go to America to visit Washington Monument, because the president Washington is my idol. Of course, I want to go to London too, because England is where English language developed. If I can ride my bike in Cambrwww.cizhixin.netidge university, I will be very happy.
I hope I can speak English with everyone in the world. I/’ll introduce China to them, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and Anshan.
I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well.
If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English everyday , it will love me too.
其實,我們小學生練習寫演講稿,可以短些,從2~3分鐘,100~200個詞,圍繞一個主題開始練習。
3.英語演講稿的基本組成部分
從大的方面看,英語演講詞實際上是屬于一種特殊的說明文或議論文,其基本組成部分是:
1)開始時對聽眾的稱呼語
最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen,也可根據(jù)不同情況,選用 Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr Chairman, Honorable Judges(評委)等等。
2)提出論題
由于演講的時間限制,必須開門見山,提出論題。提出論題的方法有各種各樣,但最生動,最能引起注意的是用舉例法。比如:你要呼吁大家關心貧窮地區(qū)的孩子,你可以用親眼看到的或者收集到的那些貧窮孩子多么需要幫助的實例開始。另外,用具體的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)也是一個有效的引出論題的方法,比如:你要談遵守交通規(guī)則的話題,你可以從舉一系列有關車輛、車禍等的數(shù)據(jù)開始。
3)論證
對提出的論題,不可主觀地妄下結論,而要進行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對比法等等,可參見英語議論文的有關章節(jié)。
4)結論
結論要簡明扼要,以給聽眾留下深刻印象。
5)結尾
結尾要簡潔,不要拉拉扯扯,說個沒完。特別是不要受漢語影響,說些類似“準備不足,請諒解”,“請批評指正”這樣的廢話。最普通的結尾就是:Thank you very much for your attention。
4.英語演講稿的語言特征
1)多用實詞,多用短句,少用結構復雜的長句
在英語演講中,and, but, so, then 等虛詞要盡量少用,that, which 等詞引導的定語從句也只會使句子結構變得復雜,而使聽眾難以跟上演講者的思路,從而影響演講的效果。相反,多使用實詞,短句,可使得演講內(nèi)容更清晰,氣勢更磅礴。
2)演講要注意使用各種修辭手法,增加演講的感染力和氣勢。英語演講中常用的修辭手法有:漸進、對照、排比、警句等等,例如:
That government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.(排比)
這個民有、民治、民享的國家將不會從地球上消失。
United, there is little we can not do; divided, there is little we can do.(對照)
團結,我們便將無所不能;分裂,我們則會一事無成。
Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.(對照)
不要問你們的國家能為你們做些什么,而要問你們能為你們的國家做些什么。
設想一下,假如在我們的演講中能融入上述這樣運用得當?shù)男揶o手段,那我們的演講將會變得多么有力與動人。