VOA慢速英語:科學(xué)家?guī)椭?lián)合國調(diào)查無人機技術(shù)是否合法

[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report. [00:05.35]Researchers are using new methods to aid investigations [00:10.69]into deadly strikes by pilotless-planes called drones. [00:16.24]The United Nations wants independent investigations into drone attacks. [00:22.50]They estimate that there were 3 times as many civilian death [00:27.76]from drones last year as the year before. [00:31.94]But it is difficult to know the effect on civilians, [00:36.47]because the attacks are often in likely populated areas. [00:41.79]A recent investigation found that [00:45.59]drone strikes in Pakistan killed 2,000 people [00:50.11]during the 10-year period. [00:52.80]The information was given to the United Nations. [00:56.40]Scientists from Goldsmiths, University of London [01:01.09]and SITU Research in New York are trying to learn more. [01:06.18]They have been gathering evidence [01:08.84]to create 3-D moving images of drone attacks. [01:13.19]They call this process Forensic Architecture. [01:17.66]Susan Schuppli is the lead researcher from Goldsmiths. [01:22.69]She says Forensic Architecture answers an important question [01:27.72]in the debate over drones. [01:30.48]"What this drone warfare actually produce [01:33.49]as a kind of lethality on the ground," said Schuppli. [01:36.03]Ms Schuppli and her team use satellite images of places [01:40.01]before and after an attack. [01:42.83]They also use reports from witnesses, [01:46.36]local maps and other information. [01:49.72]The goal is to help investigations into drone strikes [01:54.32]that happened in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Yemen, Gaza and Somalia. [02:00.88]The scientist identified 37 drone strikes in those areas. [02:07.60]"The counts are certain perception that [02:09.25]there is very little that we can know about these strikes [02:12.43]are often take place in what we consider to be remote regions of the world," said Schuppli. [02:16.41]The research will be included in a United Nations report [02:20.63]on the legality of drone operations. [02:23.72]Kat Craig is the legal director for the charity organization Reprieve. [02:29.58]She says the United States and other drone users [02:33.11]have offered little information about such operations. [02:37.34]"The entire drone program is shrouded in secrecy. [02:41.03]There is no clarity or transparency about the targeting progress, [02:45.23]about the decisions that they made. [02:48.12]There is no transparency when mistakes are made, [02:50.45]no accountability to that defect," said Craig. [02:53.03]Douglas Murray is the associated director of the Henry Jackson Society, [02:57.57]a policy research group based in London. [03:00.95]He says drones are the best choice of bad choices [03:05.49]to try to deal with radicals and terrorists. [03:09.40]"If you are objecting to drone strikes, [03:12.75]then you have to, to my mind, [03:14.97]explain how else you deal with this problem of radicals and terrorists exists in these areas. [03:20.06]I will send forces, or you do drones strikes, [03:22.28]or you go to do something else. [03:24.96]What is the something else?" said Murray. [03:28.58]The United Nations says US drone attacks on Pakistan [03:32.43]appear to have decreased. [03:34.80]None have been reported so far in 2014. [03:39.07]But the UN says, drone strikes have increased in Yemen. [03:44.88]And that's the VOA Learning English Technology Report. [03:49.17]For more technology stories, go to our website at chinavoa.com.

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