VOA慢速英語:Conflicts Keep Millions of Children Out of School

沖突使得數(shù)百萬兒童失學(xué)

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.
這里是美國之音慢速英語教育報(bào)道。

Conflicts around the world are keeping tens of millions of young people from going to school. Many have physical or emotional injuries that make it hard or even impossible for them to learn.
世界各地的沖突使得數(shù)千萬年輕人未能上學(xué)。許多人還受到身體或精神上的傷害，使得他們很難，甚至不可能去學(xué)習(xí)。

Later this year UNESCO will release its twenty-twelve "Education for All Global Monitoring Report." UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. The yearly publication is part of a global campaign to provide primary education to all children within the next three years.
今年晚些時(shí)候，聯(lián)合國教科文組織將發(fā)布2012年《全民教育全球監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)告 》 。教科文組織是指聯(lián)合國教育、科學(xué)和文化組織。這份年度出版物是一個(gè)在未來三年內(nèi)為所有兒童提供小學(xué)教育的全球活動(dòng)的一部分。
（51VOA注：該活動(dòng)是指聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)）

The report documents the situation in countries that have made the least progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. These goals require universal primary education and equality for boys and girls in schooling by twenty-fifteen.
該報(bào)告記錄了那些在實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)上取得進(jìn)展最小的國家的現(xiàn)狀。這些目標(biāo)要求在2015年前普及初等教育且男、女學(xué)生平等。

Pauline Rose is the director of the report.
寶琳·羅斯（Pauline Rose）是該報(bào)告的負(fù)責(zé)人。

PAULINE ROSE: "In those thirty-five conflict-affected countries, we find twenty-eight million children out of school. In some countries, it's just that schools are not even accessible in conflict zones. The teachers aren't there. The schools are sometimes even attacked."
羅斯：“在這35個(gè)受沖突影響的國家中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了28,000,000萬名失學(xué)兒童。在一些國家，只是因?yàn)樵跊_突地區(qū)找不到學(xué)校，教師不在這些地方。學(xué)校有時(shí)候甚至?xí)獾焦簟?rdquo;

The Geneva Conventions bar the targeting of public places like schools and hospitals. In some cases, schools are targeted because they represent the government. Pauline Rose says in other cases, schools are targeted for religious or political reasons.
《日內(nèi)瓦公約》禁止攻擊學(xué)校和醫(yī)院一類的公共場(chǎng)所作。在某些情況下，學(xué)校被攻擊是因?yàn)樗鼈兇砹苏Ａ_斯表示，學(xué)校被攻擊的另一種情況是由于宗教或政治原因。

PAULINE ROSE: "So in Afghanistan, given that the idea of girls going to school has been part of the concern of some militant groups, that has been a cause for their direct attack on girls schools. In other parts of the world, it might be more that schools are caught in the crossfire."
羅斯：“在阿富汗，女孩上學(xué)的想法一直是一些激進(jìn)組織的擔(dān)憂，這已經(jīng)成為他們直接攻擊女子學(xué)校的一個(gè)原因。在全球其它地區(qū)，學(xué)校卷入戰(zhàn)火可能也會(huì)越來越多。”

Conflicts also put girls and boys at risk of sexual violence. Schoolchildren are also at risk of being forced to become soldiers.
沖突還使得男孩和女孩面臨著性暴力的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。學(xué)齡兒童還面臨著被強(qiáng)迫入伍的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Under international law, refugees are the only displaced people with a guaranteed right to education. But that guarantee often means little. Schools in refugee camps often have limited money for teachers and supplies.
根據(jù)國際法，難民是流離失所者中唯一擁有教育權(quán)利保障的人。但這種保障通常微乎其微。難民營的學(xué)校往往在師資和物資上資金有限。

Last year, Pauline Rose visited the Dadaab camps in northern Kenya. Those camps shelter more than two hundred fifty thousand refugees from Somalia.
去年，羅斯探訪了肯尼亞北部的達(dá)達(dá)布難民營。這些難民營收容了250，000名索馬里難民。

PAULINE ROSE: "So you have half of children without any access to school. You have sort of classes of over three hundred children, and I mean just the conditions getting worse and worse."
羅斯：“有一半兒童無法上學(xué)，有些班級(jí)的學(xué)生超過300人，我的意思只是說條件每況愈下。”

What if conflict states in sub-Saharan Africa moved just ten percent of their military spending to education? UNESCO says they could educate more than one-fourth of their out-of-school population. And in Pakistan, it says twenty percent of the military budget could provide primary education for all children.
如果撒哈拉以南非洲沖突國家將10%的軍費(fèi)投入到教育中會(huì)怎么樣？教科文組織說，這樣他們能夠?yàn)槌^1/4的失學(xué)兒童提供教育。在巴基斯坦，20%的軍事預(yù)算就能為全部?jī)和峁┬W(xué)教育。

But one country has been a real success story. For years, Botswana has used its wealth from diamond exports to finance universal primary education and to create a skills base for its growing economy.
但一個(gè)國家造就了一個(gè)真實(shí)的成功案例。多年來，博茨瓦納用來自鉆石出口的財(cái)富為普及小學(xué)教育提供資金，為該國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)技能基礎(chǔ)。