職場英語：求職如何跨越“沒有行業(yè)經(jīng)驗”障礙

In face, your lack of industry experience isn't insurmountable. Finding a job is just going to take a lot more focused effort than it would if you weren't making the switch. Augustine recommends a three-step approach:事實上，缺乏從業(yè)經(jīng)驗并不是難以克服的障礙。只不過相比繼續(xù)從事之前的行業(yè)，你需要付出更多的努力。奧古斯丁建議采取“三步走”的策略：

1. Tap your network.Of course, every job seeker has to do this, but you need to cast the widest possible net. "Reach out to anyone you know on LinkedIn, or from your college fraternity or alumni association, or former vendors, clients, and colleagues," Augustine says. Don't discount relatives, neighbors, or anyone else you meet in your new city: "Even if they don't work in the industry you're trying to get into, you never know who they know."

1. 充分利用自己的人脈。誠然，每一位求職者都會這么做，但你需要撒出盡可能多的網(wǎng)。奧古斯丁說：“聯(lián)系你在LinkedIn上面認(rèn)識的所有人，或者大學(xué)兄弟會或校友會里的朋友，或者之前的供應(yīng)商、客戶和同事。”別忘了自己的親戚、鄰居或你在新城市遇到的其他任何人。“就算他們并不在你打算求職的行業(yè)內(nèi)工作，可誰知道他們還會認(rèn)識什么樣的人呢?”

The goal is to find people with whom you can do informational interviews -- not asking for a job, but finding out as much as you can about what's happening in your target industry and where your skills might fit. If you can wow one or two of these folks with your talents, it may get you in the door: Our research has shown that you're 10 times more likely to be hired without industry experience if you have a referral from someone on the inside who will be in your corner.目標(biāo)是找到你可以進行信息性面試的人，而不是請求一份工作。要通過他們盡可能了解你的目標(biāo)行業(yè)，以及你的能力會否有用武之地等。如果你能用自己的才能打動其中的一兩位，或許就能為你打開進入這個行業(yè)的大門。我們的調(diào)查顯示，如果有業(yè)內(nèi)知情人士愿意當(dāng)你的推薦人，那么沒有從業(yè)經(jīng)驗被聘用的可能性要提高十倍以上。

2. Research, research, research. "Often, you can sell your achievements based on what a given company is going through at the moment," says Augustine. "For instance, if a potential employer is doing a major restructuring, and you have experience with making that work, say so in your cover letter and, on your resume, emphasize your role in a similar restructuring. The point is to find common ground between your past successes and what an employer needs right now."

2. 調(diào)查研究。奧古斯丁表示：“通常情況下，你可以根據(jù)一家公司當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)狀來宣傳自己的成就。比如，如果潛在雇主正在進行大規(guī)模重組，而你恰好有這方面的經(jīng)驗，你便可以在求職信和簡歷里強調(diào)自己在類似重組工作中的作用。重點是找出自己以往成功經(jīng)歷與雇主當(dāng)前的需求之間的共同點。”

Obviously, figuring that out will take lots of detailed study -- online, in the trade press, on each company's website, and in public documents like annual reports. "Set up Google alerts for the company and for keywords that are important in the industry," Augustine suggests. "In your cover letter, and later in an interview, it makes a great impression if you can offer insightful comments and ask smart questions about current industry trends and things the company is doing." 很明顯，要明確雇主的需求必須進行大量細致的研究——比如在線研究、行業(yè)刊物、公司網(wǎng)站，以及年報等公開資料等。奧古斯丁建議：“針對目標(biāo)公司和行業(yè)內(nèi)重要的關(guān)鍵字，設(shè)置谷歌提醒。在求職信和后續(xù)的面試當(dāng)中，如果你能提出建設(shè)性的意見，而且對于行業(yè)當(dāng)前趨勢與公司的業(yè)務(wù)能夠提出明智的問題，必然會給雇主留下深刻的印象。”

Pay particular attention to each company's culture. "Often an employer's web page, their tweets, and even their Facebook page can give you a sense of their corporate personality and how they see themselves," notes Augustine. "It matters. In most interviews for management jobs, we've found, only about 20% of the discussion is centered on specific skills. The other 80% is all about how well you'll fit into the team and the overall culture."尤其要注意每家公司的文化。奧古斯丁說：“通常情況下，雇主的網(wǎng)頁、Twitter和Facebook頁面能夠讓你了解公司的個性和他們對自己的看法。這一點很重要。在大多數(shù)管理職位的面試中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)僅有20%的討論會集中在特定的技能上。另外80%都是關(guān)于求職者如何融入團隊和總體文化。”

3. Be enthusiastic and willing to learn."The right attitude can motivate a hiring manager to take a chance on a candidate despite lack of industry experience," says Augustine. "You want to emphasize that, although you do come from a different business, you've studied theirs thoroughly, and you're eager to keep learning more about it."

3. 充滿熱情，樂于學(xué)習(xí)。奧古斯丁表示：“正確的心態(tài)能激發(fā)招聘經(jīng)理的興趣，使他們愿意冒險給沒有從業(yè)經(jīng)驗的求職者一次機會。你需要重點強調(diào)，雖然你來自不同行業(yè)，但你也一直在研究他們的行業(yè)，而且你迫切希望繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。”

As with so many things, making this kind of jump gets easier the more times you do it. Augustine has seen some job candidates who have spent their whole careers hopping from one industry to another -- and who turn their adaptability into a selling point: "It's a little ironic, but people who have already made the leap from one industry to another a few times, and been successful at it, can point to that and say, 'I've adapted and added value in a different business before, and I'm looking forward to doing it again.'"與其他許多事情一樣，所謂“熟能生巧”。奧古斯丁曾接觸過許多求職者，他們整個職業(yè)生涯都在不同行業(yè)之間跳槽——而且他們甚至把自己的適應(yīng)能力作為了一個賣點：“這有點諷刺，但那些成功完成過許多次跨行業(yè)跳槽的人可以說：‘我之前適應(yīng)了不同行業(yè)，還給這些行業(yè)增加了價值，所以我很期待再來一次。’”